SynthesisEuropean journal of orthodontics2024
Distribution of initial caries lesions in relation to fixed orthodontic therapy. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European journal of orthodontics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Outcomes of resin infiltration for white spot lesions at different time points: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of orthodontics · 2026Pooled it
- Fluoride mouthrinses for prevention of initial caries in orthodontic patients - a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Xylitol and Fluoride Varnish on Biofilm and Saliva in Orthodontic Patients: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2025Trial
- Comparing the Effects of Two Surfactant Administration Methods: Minimally Invasive Surfactant Therapy (MIST) with Intubation (INSURE) in Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2024Trial
- Association between dietary active microbe intake and dental caries among American adults : Evidence from the NHANES database.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2026Article
- Chitosan-arginine/amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles-containing orthodontic cement: antibacterial and remineralization strategies against enamel white spot lesions.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Association between 6-n-propylthiouracil taste phenotypes and the development of initial caries lesions during fixed orthodontic treatment : A prospective cohort study.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2026Article
- Prevalence of white spot lesions in children and adolescents across Northern, Central and Southern Italy: a multicenter cross-sectional study.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Microbiological Investigation and Clinical Efficacy of Professional Topical Fluoride Application onMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Laypersons' esthetic assessment of teeth with de- or hypomineralization - a web-based survey.Acta odontologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Investigation of the inter-rater reliability of three different plaque indices used in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.PloS one · 2025Article
- Comparison of the effects of clear aligners and fixed appliances on the oral microbiota and reactive oxygen species: a prospective study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- White spot lesion management: Knowledge and practices during fixed orthodontic treatment among Saudi dentist -A cross-sectional study.Bioinformation · 2025Article
- Dynamics of the oral microbiome during orthodontic treatment and antimicrobial advances for orthodontic appliances.iScience · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInitial caries lesion (ICLs) adjacent to orthodontic brackets are the most common side effect of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. The reported prevalence is uncertain and varies considerably across studies, from 27% to 97%.
objectivesThis paper was designed to evaluate and synthesize the available evidence on the prevalence and incidence rates of ICLs in relation to orthodontic treatment. Selection criteria: The review (Prospero protocol CRD42023412952) included randomized and non-randomized clinical trials of interventions, cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies, published after 1990 on the prevalence or incidence of ICLs during or after orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Search methods: Pubmed, Scopus, and Embase databases were searched from 1990 until 01 May 2023. The risk of bias assessment was performed with RoB 2 and ROBINS-I tool and the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Data collection and analysis: The proportion of individuals with ICLs, reported as the number/percentage of individuals/teeth with ICLs or mean number of ICLs per subject, were used to synthesize results.
resultsThe search yielded a total of 468 papers; 21 studies were included in the systematic review, 2 of which were not included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence rate [95%CI] of ICLs was 0.57% [0.48; 0.65] in 1448 patients, 0.22% [0.14; 0.33] in 11583 teeth, with a mean number of lesions equal to 2.24 [1.79; 2.70] in 484 patients evaluated. The incidence rate of new carious lesions developed during orthodontic treatment was 0.48% [0.33; 0.63] in 533 patients, 0.15% [0.08; 0.26] in 1890 teeth with a mean number of ICLs equal to 2.29 [1.12; 3.46] in 208 patients evaluated. LIMITATIONS: Although the high number of included studies and the overall good quality, there was a significant heterogeneity in the collected data.
conclusionThe prevalence and incidence rates of ICLs in subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment are quite high and raise some concerns in terms of risk assessment of orthodontic treatment. ICLs represent an alarming challenge for both patients and professionals. Effective caries prevention strategies during treatment need to be considered and implemented where appropriate.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.