Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38387033›Full record

ArticleAnalytical chemistry2024

What's in My Ink: An Analysis of Commercial Tattoo Ink on the US Market.

Kelli Moseman, Ahshabibi Ahmed, Alexander Ruhren, John R Swierk

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Analytical chemistry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Tagging Very Small Fish: Two Effective and Low Impact Methods.Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Kelli MosemanDepartment of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States.
Ahshabibi AhmedDepartment of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-9805-5314
Alexander RuhrenDepartment of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States.
John R SwierkDepartment of Chemistry, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-5811-7285

Funding

Photochemical transformations of multicomponent aggregates containing photolabile small molecules, heavy metal ions, and/or nanoparticles in biological environmentsR15GM140404 · NIGMS · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NY,BINGHAMTON · PI SWIERK, JOHN · 2020 to 2020
$450k
NIGMS NIH HHS R15 GM140404
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As tattoos continue to rise in popularity, the demand for tattoo ink has surged. Historically, tattoo inks have been underregulated in the US market. This study analyzes inks from nine different brands that are common in the United States, ranging from major to small manufacturers. Out of 54 inks, 45 contained unlisted additives and/or pigments. Major, unlisted adulterants include poly(ethylene glycol), propylene glycol, and higher alkanes. Many of the adulterants pose possible allergic or other health risks. Taken together, the results from this study highlight the potential for a significant issue around inaccurate tattoo ink labeling in the United States.

Indexed as

TattooingColoring AgentsInkPolyethylene GlycolsUnited StatesColoring AgentsPolyethylene Glycols

Identifiers

PMID38387033
PMCPMC11450547

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.