ReviewWorld neurosurgery: X2024
Lumbar disc herniation: Prevention and treatment of recurrence: WFNS spine committee recommendations.
Review in World neurosurgery: X, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preoperative paraspinal muscle fatty infiltration and prognosis after lumbar discectomy for disc herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of repeat discectomy alone versus with spinal fusion in recurrent lumbar disc herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized studies.Neurosurgical review · 2025Pooled it
- Lumbar Microdiscectomy and Postoperative Activity Restrictions: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Spine · 2026Trial
- Comparison of recurrence and postoperative outcomes after endoscopic versus microsurgical sequestrectomy for lumbar disc herniation: 5-year experience.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2026Article
- Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome in Patients with Degenerative Lumbar Spine Disease: Clinical Findings and Short-Term Outcomes in a Retrospective Cohort Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Practice preference of revision surgery for recurrent lumbar disc herniation: an international survey of AO spine members.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Risk factors for recurrent lumbar disc herniation after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: the role of spinopelvic parameters and facet joint degeneration.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Comparing Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Discectomy Versus Microdiscectomy for Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Global spine journal · 2026Review
- Advances in the study of macrophage polarization in intervertebral disc degeneration.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Review
- [Short-term effecetiveness of endoscopic lumbar discectomy combined with annular suturing in treatment of lumbar disc herniation].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2026Article
- Poor predictive performance of early outcome models following lumbar disc herniation surgery.Bone & joint open · 2026Article
- Review
- Construction and Validation of a Nomogram Prediction Model for Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniation After Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a clinical predictive model for the risk of recurrence after unilateral biportal endoscopic diskectomy.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- The Prognostic Significance of LINC00638 in Lumbar Disc Herniation and Its Effect on Senescence of Nucleus Pulposus Cells.JOR spine · 2025Article
- Artificial intelligence and machine learning in spine care: Advancing precision diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation.World journal of orthopedics · 2025Review
- Bioactive Therapies for Degenerative Disc Disease: Microenvironmental Foundations of Disease.World neurosurgery · 2025Review
- A Hybrid Ensemble Learning Framework for Predicting Lumbar Disc Herniation Recurrence: Integrating Supervised Models, Anomaly Detection, and Threshold Optimization.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Preoperative Level of Pain Predicts Chronic Pain in Patients Operated on for Degenerative Disc Disease-A Prospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Endoscopic spine surgery for obesity-related surgical challenges: a systematic review and meta-analysis of current evidence.Asian spine journal · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This review aims to formulate the most current evidence-based recommendations on the epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of recurrent lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods: We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar databases from 2012 to 2022 using the keywords "lumbar disc recurrence." Screening criteria resulted in 57 papers, which were summarized and presented at two international consensus meetings of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) Spine Committee. The 57 papers covered the following topics: (1) Definition and incidence of recurrence after lumbar disc surgery; (2) Prediction of recurrence before primary surgery; (3) Prevention of recurrence by surgical measures; (4) Prevention of recurrence by postoperative measures; (5) Treatment options for recurrent disc herniation; (6) The outcomes of recurrent disc herniation surgery. We utilized the Delphi method and voted on eight final consensus statements. Results and conclusion: Recurrence after disc herniation surgery may be considered a surgical complication, its incidence is approximately 5% and is different from overall re-operation incidence. There are multiple risk factors predicting LDH recurrence, including smoking, younger age, male gender, obesity, diabetes, disc degeneration, and presence of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae. The level of lumbar discectomy surgery and the amount of disc material removed do not correlate with recurrence rate. Minimally invasive discectomies may have higher recurrence rates, especially during the surgeon's learning period. However, the experience of the surgeon is not related to recurrence. High-quality studies are needed to determine if activity restriction, weight loss, smoking cessation, and muscle-strengthening exercises after primary surgery can help prevent recurrence of LDH.The best treatment option for recurrent disc herniation is still being discussed. While complications of minimally invasive techniques may be lower than open discectomy, outcomes are similar. Fusion should only be considered when spinal instability and/or spinal deformity are present. Clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction after recurrent disc herniation surgery are inferior to those after initial discectomy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.