ArticleFrontiers in medicine2024
Development of autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection: case report.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- The role of COVID-19 infection and vaccination in the induction of anti-TPO antibodies and the potential impact on developing thyroid disease.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Type 1 Diabetes and Other Autoimmune Diseases-Epidemiology, Pathophysiology and Screening.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: SARS-CoV-2 could trigger multiple immune responses, leading to several autoimmune diseases, including thyroid diseases. Many cases of thyroid diseases caused by COVID-19 infection have been reported. Here, we describe the disease development of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection. Methods: The clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of five different patients with autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection were reported. Results: Female patients with primary autoimmune thyroid disease which have been stable for many years were reported. One month after COVID-19 infection, the disease has undergone different evolution. Case 1, a patient with history of long-term stable Hashimoto's thyroiditis, suddenly suffered from Graves disease after COVID-19 infection. Case 2, a patient with history of long-term stable Hashimoto's thyroiditis with thyroid nodules, suddenly suffered from Graves disease after infection. Case 3, a patient with history of long-term stable Graves disease, suddenly suffered from worsening after infection. The above three cases showed thyroid-stimulating antibodies were enhanced. Case 4, a patient with history of previous hypothyroidism had an increase in thyroid-related antibody (TPOAb and TRAb) activity after infection, followed by a marked worsening of hypothyroidism. Case 5, a patient with no history of thyroid disease suddenly developed controllable "thyrotoxicosis" after infection, suggesting the diagnosis of painless thyroiditis. Conclusion: The five case reports show a different development of the primary autoimmune thyroid disease after COVID-19 infection. The change in the trend of thyroid disease is closely related to the immune response induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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