Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38383381›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2024

Results of the Cologne Corona Surveillance (CoCoS) project- a cross-sectional study: survey data on risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and moderate-to-severe course in primarily immunized adults.

Max Oberste, Teodora Asenova, Angela Ernst, Kija Shah-Hosseini, Nadja Schnörch, Michael Buess, Kerstin Daniela Rosenberger, Annelene Kossow, Felix Dewald, Florian Neuhann and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Max Oberste *Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Straße 10, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
Teodora Asenova *Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Straße 10, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
Angela ErnstInstitute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Straße 10, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
Kija Shah-HosseiniInstitute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Straße 10, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
Nadja SchnörchInstitute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Straße 10, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
Michael BuessCologne Health Authority, Cologne, Germany.
Kerstin Daniela RosenbergerInstitute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Straße 10, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
Annelene KossowCologne Health Authority, Cologne, Germany.
Felix DewaldInstitute of Virology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Straße 56, 50935, Cologne, Germany.
Florian Neuhann *Cologne Health Authority, Cologne, Germany.
Martin Hellmich *Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Straße 10, 50931, Cologne, Germany. martin.hellmich@uni-koeln.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAmidst the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination has been a crucial strategy for mitigating transmission and disease severity. However, vaccine-effectiveness may be influenced by various factors, including booster vaccination, as well as personal factors such as age, sex, BMI, smoking, and comorbidities. To investigate the potential effects of these factors on SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease severity, we analyzed data from the third round of the Cologne Corona Surveillance (CoCoS) project, a large cross-sectional survey.

methodsThe study was conducted mid-February to mid-March 2022 in Cologne, Germany. A random sample of 10,000 residents aged 18 years and older were invited to participate in an online survey. Information on participants' demographics (age, sex), SARS-CoV-2 infections, vaccination status, smoking, and preexisting medical conditions were collected. The outcomes of the study were: (1) the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 infection despite vaccination (breakthrough infection) and (2) the occurrence of moderate-to-severe disease as a result of a breakthrough infection. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to investigate possible associations between the presence/absence of booster vaccination, personal factors and the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Associations with moderate-to-severe infection were analyzed using the Fine and Gray subdistribution hazard model.

resultsA sample of 2,991 residents responded to the questionnaire. A total of 2,623 primary immunized participants were included in the analysis of breakthrough infection and 2,618 in the analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection severity after exclusions due to incomplete data. The multivariable results show that booster vaccination (HR = 0.613, 95%CI 0.415-0.823) and older age (HR = 0.974, 95%CI 0.966-0.981) were associated with a reduced hazard of breakthrough infection. Regarding the severity of breakthrough infection, older age was associated with a lower risk of moderate-to-severe breakthrough infection (HR = 0.962, 95%CI0.949-0.977). Female sex (HR = 2.570, 95%CI1.435-4.603), smoking (HR = 1.965, 95%CI1.147-3.367) and the presence of chronic lung disease (HR = 2.826, 95%CI1.465-5.450) were associated with an increased hazard of moderate-to-severe breakthrough infection.

conclusionThe results provide a first indication of which factors may be associated with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection and moderate-to-severe course of infection despite vaccination. However, the retrospective nature of the study and risk of bias in the reporting of breakthrough infection severity limit the strength of the results.

trial registrationDRKS.de, German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS), Identifier: DRKS00024046, Registered on 25 February 2021.

Indexed as

COVID-19AdultBreakthrough InfectionsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMalePandemicsRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSARS-CoV-2AgeBooster vaccinationChronic lung diseaseFemale sexInfection severityModerate-to-severe breakthrough infectionSmoking

Identifiers

PMID38383381
PMCPMC10882740

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.