Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38381941›Full record

ArticleCanadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada2024

Incidence and survival of secondary malignancies after external beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer in the SEER database.

Melissa J Huynh, Lawson Eng, Long H Ngo, Nicholas E Power, Sophia C Kamran, Theodore T Pierce, Andrea C Lo

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Second primary cancers following radiotherapy for prostate cancer: How many are actually due to the radiotherapy?Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Melissa J HuynhDivision of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Lawson EngDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Long H NgoDivision of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.
Nicholas E PowerDivision of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Sophia C KamranHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Theodore T PierceHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Andrea C LoDivision of Radiation Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Harvard University · USWestern University · CABeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center · USUniversity Health Network · CAUniversity of British Columbia · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionWe investigated the incidence of secondary bladder (BCa) and rectal cancers (RCa) after external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for prostate cancer (PCa) compared to radical prostatectomy (RP) alone, and compared cancer-specific survival (CSS) of these secondary neoplasms to their primary counterparts.

methodsThis retrospective cohort study included men in the SEER cancer registry with a diagnosis of non-metastatic, clinically node-negative PCa treated with either RP or EBRT from 1995-2011 and allowed a minimum five-year lag period for the development of secondary BCa or RCa. Patients were divided into two eras, 1995-2002 and 2003-2011, to examine differences in incidence of secondary malignancies over time. Univariable and multivariable competing risk analyses with Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard and cause-specific hazard models were used to examine the risk of developing a secondary BCa or RCa. Competing risks analyses were used to compare CSS of primary vs. secondary BCa and RCa.

resultsA total of 198 184 men underwent RP and 190 536 underwent EBRT for PCa. The cumulative incidence of secondary BCa at 10 years was 1.71% for RP, and 3.7% for EBRT (p<0.001), while that of RCa was 0.52% for RP and 0.99% for EBRT (p<0.001). EBRT was associated with almost twice the risk of developing a secondary BCa and RCa compared to RP. The hazard of secondary BCa following EBRT delivered during 2003-2011 was 20% less than from 1995-2002 (p<0.09, Fine-Gray model), while that of secondary RCa was 31% less (p<0.001) (hazard ratio 0.78, p<0.001) for Fine-Gray and cause-specific hazard models. In the Fine-Gray model, the risk of death from BCa was 27% lower for secondary BCa after RP compared to primary BCa, while the risk of death was 9% lower for secondary BCa after EBRT compared to primary BCa. There was no difference in RCa-specific survival between primary or secondary RCa after RP or EBRT.

conclusionsThe risk of BCa and RCa is almost twice as high for men undergoing EBRT for localized PCa vs. RP, but that risk is declining, likely reflecting advances in radiation delivery. The development of secondary RCa or BCa does not confer elevated risk of death compared to their primary counterparts.

Identifiers

PMID38381941
PMCPMC11034958
OpenAlexW4390106569

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.