Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38381847›Full record

ArticleScience translational medicine2024

Synthetic development of a broadly neutralizing antibody against snake venom long-chain α-neurotoxins.

Irene S Khalek, R R Senji Laxme, Yen Thi Kim Nguyen, Suyog Khochare, Rohit N Patel, Jordan Woehl, Jessica M Smith, Karen Saye-Francisco, Yoojin Kim, Laetitia Misson Mindrebo and 15 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science translational medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Multiobjective VScience advances · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Novel antivenoms bite back.Nature biotechnology · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Conserved Enzymatic Peptides inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Comment on: What is new in the treatment of snakebite envenoming? Opportunities and challenges.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Irene S KhalekDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0009-0000-3181-0434
R R Senji LaxmeIAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9151-7771
Yen Thi Kim NguyenDepartment of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6424-4168
Suyog KhochareEvolutionary Venomics Lab, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
Rohit N PatelCentre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4070-3256
Jordan WoehlDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7374-0059
Jessica M SmithDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0009-0000-1554-6768
Karen Saye-FranciscoDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4404-5393
Yoojin KimDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-4983-8709
Laetitia Misson MindreboDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6318-1126
Quoc TranDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1250-5853
Mateusz KędziorDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9250-9925
Evy BoréCentre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8524-4746
Oliver LimboDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1686-1414
Megan VermaDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0009-0000-4564-8132
Robyn L StanfieldDepartment of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9521-9184
Stefanie K MenziesCentre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9273-9296
Stuart AinsworthCentre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0199-6482
Robert A HarrisonCentre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9842-5573
Dennis R BurtonDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6711-9864
Devin SokDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9354-1740
Ian A WilsonDepartment of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6469-2419
Nicholas R CasewellCentre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8035-4719
Kartik SunagarEvolutionary Venomics Lab, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.ORCID 0000-0003-0998-1581
Joseph G JardineDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8951-1074

Funding

DBT-Wellcome Trust India Alliance IA/I/19/2/504647Wellcome Trust 223619
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Snakebite envenoming is a major global public health concern for which improved therapies are urgently needed. The antigenic diversity present in snake venom toxins from various species presents a considerable challenge to the development of a universal antivenom. Here, we used a synthetic human antibody library to find and develop an antibody that neutralizes long-chain three-finger α-neurotoxins produced by numerous medically relevant snakes. Our antibody bound diverse toxin variants with high affinity, blocked toxin binding to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in vitro, and protected mice from lethal venom challenge. Structural analysis of the antibody-toxin complex revealed a binding mode that mimics the receptor-toxin interaction. The overall workflow presented is generalizable for the development of antibodies that target conserved epitopes among antigenically diverse targets, and it offers a promising framework for the creation of a monoclonal antibody-based universal antivenom to treat snakebite envenoming.

Indexed as

AntiveninsSnake BitesAnimalsBroadly Neutralizing AntibodiesHumansMiceNeurotoxinsSnake VenomsAntiveninsBroadly Neutralizing AntibodiesNeurotoxinsSnake Venoms

Identifiers

PMID38381847
PMCPMC7617732

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.