SynthesisPloS one2024
The level of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among orphan children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Depression on the Pathways Between an Economic Strengthening Intervention and ART Adherence in Youths with HIV: Findings from a Moderated Mediation Model of the Suubi + Adherence Cluster-Randomized Study.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2025Trial
- Maternal Engagement in HIV Care and Antiretroviral Therapy Uptake Among Children Living With HIV.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Caregiver-Mediated Adherence and Perceived Health System Factors Associated with Viral Suppression Among Children Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Rural South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Investigating strategies to enhance access to HIV services among children in Malawi: A multifaceted research approach, study protocol.PloS one · 2026Article
- Considerable variation in the 95-95-95 targets accomplishment between children and adults might delay achievement of set targets.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Virological failure in a pediatric cohort on a dolutegravir based regimen: a retrospective study in northwest Ethiopia, 2017-2023.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Social determinants of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adolescents and young people living with HIV: a scoping review.Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany children and adolescents living with HIV have ended up as orphans. Due to HIV taking away their parents leaves them deprived of their most important social network and support, which predisposes them to poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Various studies have shown poor adherence to ART among orphaned children and adolescents. This systematic review and meta-analysis, therefore, aims to determine the level of ART adherence among orphaned children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS.
methodsThis PROSPERO registered review (CRD42022352867) included studies from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, Africa Journal Online, and selected HIV/AIDS journals from data inception to June 01, 2022. We included articles published in all languages that report the prevalence of adherence to ART among children and adolescent orphans (single parent orphans and/or double orphans) living with HIV/AIDS. We excluded qualitative studies, case studies, opinion papers, and letters to editors. We used the random-effect model to calculate the pooled prevalence of ART adherence based on the highest prevalence provided by the various methods in a particular study. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute Appraisal tool for the prevalence study to evaluate for risk of bias in the included studies. The Egger's test was used to assess small study effects.
resultsOut of 1087 publications identified from the various databases, six met the selection criteria. The included six studies had a total 2013 orphans living with HIV/AIDS. The pooled prevalence of ART adherence was 78∙0% (95% Confidence Interval: 67.4-87.7; I2 = 82.92%, p<0∙001) and ranged between 7∙6% and >95%, using one of the following methods: pill count, caregiver's self-report, clinical attendance, and nevirapine plasma levels (above three μg/mL). The factors associated with adherence were pill burden, caregiver involvement, stunting, and caregiver relationship. LIMITATION: There was a high level of heterogeneity in the finding.
conclusionApproximately four fifth of orphan children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS adhere to ART. Strategies to improve adherence among this group should be prioritized, especially among the double orphaned children and adolescents.
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