Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38380838›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental science & technology2024

Climate Impacts of Hydrogen and Methane Emissions Can Considerably Reduce the Climate Benefits across Key Hydrogen Use Cases and Time Scales.

Tianyi Sun, Eriko Shrestha, Steven P Hamburg, Roland Kupers, Ilissa B Ocko

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental science & technology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
17.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  9. Climate Impact of Direct and Indirect NEnvironmental science & technology · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Tianyi SunEnvironmental Defense Fund, New York, New York 10010, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-4598-0519
Eriko ShresthaEnvironmental Defense Fund, New York, New York 10010, United States.
Steven P HamburgEnvironmental Defense Fund, New York, New York 10010, United States.
Roland KupersUniversity of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States.
Ilissa B OckoEnvironmental Defense Fund, New York, New York 10010, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-8617-2249
Environmental Defense Fund · USUniversity of Arizona · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent investments in "clean" hydrogen as an alternative to fossil fuels are driven by anticipated climate benefits. However, most climate benefit calculations do not adequately account for all climate warming emissions and impacts over time. This study reanalyzes a previously published life cycle assessment as an illustrative example to show how the climate impacts of hydrogen deployment can be far greater than expected when including the warming effects of hydrogen emissions, observed methane emission intensities, and near-term time scales; this reduces the perceived climate benefits upon replacement of fossil fuel technologies. For example, for blue (natural gas with carbon capture) hydrogen pathways, the inclusion of upper-end hydrogen and methane emissions can yield an increase in warming in the near term by up to 50%, whereas lower-end emissions decrease warming impacts by at least 70%. For green (renewable-based electrolysis) hydrogen pathways, upper-end hydrogen emissions can reduce climate benefits in the near term by up to 25%. We also consider renewable electricity availability for green hydrogen and show that if it is not additional to what is needed to decarbonize the electric grid, there may be more warming than that seen with fossil fuel alternatives over all time scales. Assessments of hydrogen's climate impacts should include the aforementioned factors if hydrogen is to be an effective decarbonization tool.

Indexed as

HydrogenMethaneCarbon DioxideClimateNatural GasCarbon DioxideHydrogenMethaneNatural Gasclean energyclimate changedecarbonizationglobal warming potentialhydrogenhydrogen emissionshydrogen leakagelife cycle assessmentmethane leakagerenewable electricitytime horizons

Identifiers

PMID38380838
PMCPMC10976891
OpenAlexW4391996254

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.