ArticleCurrent research in food science2024
A smart thermoresponsive macroporous 4D structure by 4D printing of Pickering-high internal phase emulsions stabilized by plasma-functionalized starch nanomaterials for a possible delivery system.
Article in Current research in food science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- High Internal Phase Pickering Emulsions as Structurally Tunable Bioinks for Extrusion-Based Printing From 3D Fabrication to Adaptive Multiresponsive Architectures.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Pooled it
- Porous Architecture in 3D Food Printing: Advances in Formulation, Process Control, and Sustainable Structural Design.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hierarchically porous structures combine microporosity, mesoporosity, and microporosity to enhance pore accessibility and transport, which are crucial to develop high performance materials for biofabrication, food, and pharmaceutical applications. This work aimed to develop a 4D-printed smart hierarchical macroporous structure through 3D printing of Pickering-type high internal phase emulsions (Pickering-HIPEs). The key was the utilization of surface-active (hydroxybutylated) starch nanomaterials, including starch nanocrystals (SNCs) (from waxy maize starch through acid hydrolysis) or starch nanoparticles (SNPs) (obtained through an ultrasound treatment). An innovative procedure to fabricate the functionalized starch nanomaterials was accomplished by grafting 1,2-butene oxide using a cold plasma technique to enhance their surface hydrophobicity, improving their aggregation, and thus attaining a colloidally stabilized Pickering-HIPEs with a low concentration of each surface-active starch nanomaterial. A flocculation of droplets in Pickering-HIPEs was developed after the addition of modified SNCs or SNPs, leading to the formation of a gel-like structure. The 3D printing of these Pickering-HIPEs developed a highly interconnected large pore structure, possessing a self-assembly property with thermoresponsive behavior. As a potential drug delivery system, this thermoresponsive macroporous 3D structure offered a lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type phase transition at body temperature, which can be used in the field of smart releasing of bioactive compounds.
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Registered trials
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