Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38379365›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical nursing2026

What are the barriers and facilitators to advance care planning with older people in long-term care facilities? A qualitative study.

Yuxin Zhou, Ariel Wang, Debbie Braybrook, Clare Ellis-Smith, Haixia Feng, Ni Gong, Zhi Zhou, Richard Harding

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Promoting Family/Friend Involvement in Care Planning in Care Homes: A Qualitative Exploration of the Usefulness and Relevance of an Information Resource.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yuxin ZhouCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6421-5647
Ariel WangNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5360-9993
Debbie BraybrookCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9253-4955
Clare Ellis-SmithCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-3453-3203
Haixia FengDepartment of Nursing, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.ORCID 0000-0002-1718-0971
Ni GongSchool of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.ORCID 0000-0002-6435-4815
Zhi ZhouDepartment of Palliative Medicine, Nanjing BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
Richard HardingCicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9653-8689

Funding

Guangzhou Concord Medical Humanities Research and Education Fund 23000-3050070Horizontal Research Project of Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University 2021040047
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo explore the views and preferences for advance care planning from the perspectives of residents, family members and healthcare professionals in long-term care facilities.

designA qualitative descriptive design.

methodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 residents of long-term care facilities, 10 family members and 14 healthcare professionals. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. The social ecological model was used to develop implementation recommendations.

resultsWe constructed a conceptual model of barriers and facilitators to advance care planning in long-term care facilities, drawing upon four dominant themes from the qualitative analysis: (1) The absence of discourse on end-of-life care: a lack of cultural climate to talk about death, the unspoken agreement to avoid conversations about death, and poor awareness of palliative care may hinder advance care planning initiation; (2) Relational decision-making process is a dual factor affecting advance care planning engagement; (3) Low trust and 'unsafe' cultures: a lack of honest information sharing, risks of violating social expectations and damaging social relationships, and risks of legal consequences may hinder willingness to engage in advance care planning; (4) Meeting and respecting residents' psychosocial needs: these can be addressed by readiness assessment, initiating advance care planning in an informal and equal manner and involving social workers.

conclusionOur findings show that residents' voices were not being heard. It is necessary to identify residents' spontaneous conversation triggers, articulate the value of advance care planning in light of the family's values and preferences, and respect residents' psychosocial needs to promote advance care planning in long-term care facilities. Advance care planning may alleviate the decision-making burden of offspring in nuclear families. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: The evidence-based recommendations in this study will inform the implementation of context-specific advance care planning in Asia-Pacific regions. PATIENT AND PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Patients and caregivers contributed to the interview pilot and data collection.

Indexed as

Advance Care PlanningLong-Term CareNursing HomesAdultAgedAged, 80 and overDecision MakingFamilyFemaleHealth PersonnelHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchTerminal Careadvance care planningdecision‐makingend‐of‐life carelong‐term care facilitiesolder peoplepalliative care

Identifiers

PMID38379365
PMCPMC13068171

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.