ArticleBMC medicine2024
Genetic investigation into the broad health implications of caffeine: evidence from phenome-wide, proteome-wide and metabolome-wide Mendelian randomization.
Article in BMC medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Using Mendelian randomization analyses in osteoarthritis: state of art and future perspectives.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Association of coffee consumption with diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2026Article
- Causal role of serum metabolites in chronic periodontitis: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization and multi-omics integration study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Exploring the Relationship Between Caffeine Consumption, Caffeine Metabolism, and Sleep Behaviours: A Mendelian Randomisation Study.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Proteomic ratio reveals subtype-specific genetic mechanisms and therapeutic targets in osteoarthritis.Clinical proteomics · 2025Article
- The rapid growth in Mendelian randomization studies.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Phenome-Wide Analysis of Coffee Intake on Health over 20 Years of Follow-Up Among Adults in Hong Kong Osteoporosis Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 9 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCaffeine is one of the most utilized drugs in the world, yet its clinical effects are not fully understood. Circulating caffeine levels are influenced by the interplay between consumption behaviour and metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effects of circulating caffeine levels by considering genetically predicted variation in caffeine metabolism.
methodsLeveraging genetic variants related to caffeine metabolism that affect its circulating levels, we investigated the clinical effects of plasma caffeine in a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS). We validated novel findings using a two-sample Mendelian randomization framework and explored the potential mechanisms underlying these effects in proteome-wide and metabolome-wide Mendelian randomization.
resultsHigher levels of genetically predicted circulating caffeine among caffeine consumers were associated with a lower risk of obesity (odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation increase in caffeine = 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) CI: 0.95-0.98, p = 2.47 × 10
conclusionsWe report novel evidence suggesting that long-term increases in circulating caffeine may reduce bodyweight and the risk of osteoarthrosis and osteoarthritis. We confirm prior genetic evidence of a protective effect of plasma caffeine on risk of overweight and obesity. Further clinical study is warranted to understand the translational relevance of these findings before clinical practice or lifestyle interventions related to caffeine consumption are introduced.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.