ReviewNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2024
The evolution of neuromodulation for chronic stroke: From neuroplasticity mechanisms to brain-computer interfaces.
Review in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Two decades of vagus nerve stimulation for stroke: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Motor imagery combined with brain-computer interface for stroke patients: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- iTBS on RDLPFC improves performance of motor imagery: a brain-computer interface study combining EEG and fNIRS.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Trial
- Efficacy observation of combined transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation on gait in 169 subacute stroke patients.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2024Trial
- Functional near-infrared spectroscopy: Systematic mapping of abnormal brain function features in neurological disorders.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Noninvasive or minimally invasive neuromodulation in animal models of acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2026Article
- Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Interventions of Neuroplasticity After Ischemic Stroke-A Scoping Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Frequency-dependent effects of motor thalamus deep brain stimulation on speech and swallowing.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Closed-loop movement-paired transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for upper-limb rehabilitation: a feasibility study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Review
- Neurorehabilitation in Transition: Neuroplasticity, Meaningful Outcomes, and Intelligent Technologies in the Highly CitedBrain sciences · 2026Article
- Feasibility and User Experience of Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation in Patients With Stroke: Single-Arm Pretest-Posttest Pilot Study.JMIR serious games · 2026Article
- Review
- Predictors of functional outcome at 3 months in ischemic stroke patients with discharge disability following endovascular therapy: a multi-center observational cohort study of 836 patients.Acta neurochirurgica · 2026Observational
- Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation attenuates depressive-like behaviors via enhancing neuroplasticity and regulating the ALK5/Smad2/3/Gadd45β signaling pathway in rats with post-stroke depression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Advances in mechanisms of neuroplasticity induced by multimodal closed-loop brain-computer interfaces after stroke.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Review
- Closed-loop brain-computer interfaces for post-stroke sensorimotor loop restoration.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- A theoretical framework for brain-computer interfaces: decodability, performance limits, and closed-loop adaptation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Schizophrenia Research: Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Review
- Autonomic dysfunction after stroke: an overview of recent clinical evidence and perspectives on therapeutic management.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Stroke is one of the most common and debilitating neurological conditions worldwide. Those who survive experience motor, sensory, speech, vision, and/or cognitive deficits that severely limit remaining quality of life. While rehabilitation programs can help improve patients' symptoms, recovery is often limited, and patients frequently continue to experience impairments in functional status. In this review, invasive neuromodulation techniques to augment the effects of conventional rehabilitation methods are described, including vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), deep brain stimulation (DBS) and brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). In addition, the evidence base for each of these techniques, pivotal trials, and future directions are explored. Finally, emerging technologies such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and the shift to artificial intelligence-enabled implants and wearables are examined. While the field of implantable devices for chronic stroke recovery is still in a nascent stage, the data reviewed are suggestive of immense potential for reducing the impact and impairment from this globally prevalent disorder.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.