ArticleDiabetes care2024
Lifetime Duration of Breastfeeding and Cardiovascular Risk in Women With Type 2 Diabetes or a History of Gestational Diabetes: Findings From Two Large Prospective Cohorts.
Article in Diabetes care, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of breastfeeding prevalence, duration and determining factors in women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Pooled it
- Family-Centred Breastfeeding Interventions to Improve Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nursing open · 2026Pooled it
- Implementation strategies: bridging obstetrics and long-term care.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2026Review
- Association Between Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy, Lifestyle Factors, and Premature Cardiovascular Events.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Short-term modulation of human milk oligosaccharides in plasma and milk by glucose and insulin: insights into postpartum metabolic regulation.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Cumulative breastfeeding duration and incidence of diabetes in the multiethnic cohort study.Global perspectives on nutrition · 2026Article
- Defining lactation outcomes, milk composition, and breastfeeding safety for women with chronic kidney disease: protocol for a prospective observational study.International breastfeeding journal · 2026Article
- Comprehensive Review of Gestational Diabetes: Pathophysiology, Pharmacological Management and the Role of Pharmaceutical Care.Current drug safety · 2026Review
- Plasma metabolomic signature of breastfeeding and risk of cardiometabolic diseases.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Addressing maternal cardiovascular risk: The impact of lactation, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and racial disparities.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2025Article
- Associations of ever breastfeeding with risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among women with and without diabetes: a cohort study.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- Vaccine Effectiveness in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Results from a Multicenter Registry-Based Prospective Cohort Study in Germany.Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2025Article
- Sustained Reduction of Subclinical Inflammation in the Years After Breastfeeding.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- [Current Status and Advances in the Diagnosis and Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: An Analysis of Relevant Contents in theSichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Review
- Psychometric Properties of the Lactation Assessment and Comprehensive Intervention Tool (LAT).Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveBreastfeeding duration is inversely associated with risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes in parous women. However, the association among women at high risk, including women with type 2 diabetes or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is unclear. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsWe included 15,146 parous women with type 2 diabetes from the Nurses' Health Study I and II (NHS, NHS II) and 4,537 women with a history of GDM from NHS II. Participants reported history of breastfeeding via follow-up questionnaires. Incident CVD by 2017 comprised stroke or coronary heart disease (CHD) (myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization). Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% CIs were estimated using Cox models.
resultsWe documented 1,159 incident CVD cases among women with type 2 diabetes in both cohorts during 188,874 person-years of follow-up and 132 incident CVD cases among women with a GDM history during 100,218 person-years of follow-up. Longer lifetime duration of breastfeeding was significantly associated with lower CVD risk among women with type 2 diabetes, with pooled aHR of 0.68 (95% CI 0.54-0.85) for >18 months versus 0 months and 0.94 (0.91-0.98) per 6-month increment in breastfeeding. Similar associations were observed with CHD (pooled aHR 0.93 [0.88-0.97]) but not with stroke (0.96 [0.91-1.02]) per 6-month increment in breastfeeding. Among women with GDM history, >18 months versus 0 months of breastfeeding was associated with an aHR of 0.49 (0.28-0.86) for total CVD.
conclusionsLonger duration of breastfeeding was associated with lower risk of CVD in women with type 2 diabetes or GDM.
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