ArticleBMC oral health2024
The response of salivary proinflammatory biomarkers to tooth extraction in individuals with type II diabetes mellitus.
Article in BMC oral health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative analysis of salivary IL-4 and CXCL6 dynamics following tooth extraction in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2026Article
- Salivary cortisol: Biomarker for stress during routine dental extractions - A prospective comparative study.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- Investigating salivary growth factor responses to tooth extraction in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective observational comparative study.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Exploratory insights into salivary E-cadherin as a non-invasive biomarker in a rat model of diabetes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Connection between oral health and chronic diseases.MedComm · 2025Review
- The Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and Alpha-Amylase) in Saliva on Post-Odontectomy Swelling: A Rapid Review.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
purposeThis study investigated the levels of salivary proinflammatory cytokines in the saliva of patients living with type II diabetes mellitus (DM) compared to those in healthy individuals three times: before tooth extraction and at 2 hours and 2 days after tooth extraction.
methodsThe study included 27 participants. Among them, 20 (n = 20; 74%) had type II DM, and seven (n = 7; 26%) were healthy control subjects. Saliva samples were collected at three time intervals: before tooth extraction and 2 hours and 2 days after tooth extraction. The salivary biomarkers were investigated using a Luminex multiplex assay. These salivary biomarkers included tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ).
resultsAt baseline, patients with type II DM had significantly lower levels of IL-1β (P = 0.016). Moreover, 2 hours after extraction, patients with type II DM had significantly lower levels of IL-1β and TNF-α than did healthy control subjects (P = 0.046 and P = 0.020, respectively). In addition, 2 days after tooth extraction, the DM group had significantly greater IL-6 levels (P = 0.010) than the control group.
conclusionsIn patients with type II DM, salivary proinflammatory biomarker levels are generally comparable or lower than those in healthy control subjects. Proinflammatory cytokines manifest differently in patients with type II DM after tooth extraction than in normal healthy individuals. There is generally a delayed early response of salivary proinflammatory markers in patients living with type II DM who undergo tooth extraction.
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