Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38369606›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Dynamic accelerated stress test and coupled on-line analysis program to elucidate aging processes in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

Lena Birkner, Michael Foreta, Ali Rinaldi, Anton Orekhov, Marc-Georg Willinger, Maik Eichelbaum

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lena BirknerNuremberg Institute of Technology, Institute for Applied Hydrogen Research, Electro- and Thermochemical Energy Systems (H2OHM), 90489, Nuremberg, Germany.
Michael ForetaMAN Truck & Bus SE, Material Technology and Applied Chemistry (EOMC), 90441, Nuremberg, Germany.
Ali RinaldiTechnical University of Munich, Chair of Electron Microscopy, 85748, Garching, Germany.
Anton OrekhovTechnical University of Munich, Chair of Electron Microscopy, 85748, Garching, Germany.
Marc-Georg WillingerTechnical University of Munich, Chair of Electron Microscopy, 85748, Garching, Germany.
Maik EichelbaumNuremberg Institute of Technology, Institute for Applied Hydrogen Research, Electro- and Thermochemical Energy Systems (H2OHM), 90489, Nuremberg, Germany. maik.eichelbaum@th-nuernberg.de.
Technical University of Munich · DEGeorg Simon Ohm University of Applied Sciences Nuremberg · DE

Funding

Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung FH549KX0
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The application of hydrogen proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) in greenhouse gas emission free heavy-duty vehicles requires extremely durable PEMFC components with service lives in the range of 30,000 h. Hence suitable test and analysis methods are required that reflect realistic operation scenarios, but significantly accelerate aging. For this purpose, a dynamic accelerated stress test was developed, which is coupled with a comprehensive in-depth in-situ and ex-situ analysis program to determine the aging processes of a PEMFC membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The test comprehends dynamic cycling between low, moderate and high load, different temperature and humidity conditions as well as recovery sequences to distinguish between reversible and irreversible failure modes. All phases of the PEMFC system (i.e. solid, liquid and gaseous) are monitored on-line during aging by sophisticated electrochemical, mass spectrometric and ion chromatographic analytical methods. The structural and elemental composition of the MEA before and after the aging program (post-mortem) are investigated by X-ray fluorescence, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. This program was able to age a commercial PEMFC to end-of-life in 1000 h, while providing an accurate picture of the aging processes involved.

Identifiers

PMID38369606
PMCPMC10874950
OpenAlexW4391921776

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.