ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2024
Chemokine CCL21 determines immunotherapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma by affecting neutrophil polarization.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum CCL2 and CCL7 in Prostate Cancer: Evaluation of Their Diagnostic Utility in Comparison with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Healthy Controls.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Natural and Engineered Cytokines as Cancer Therapeutics.Annual review of cancer biology · 2026Article
- CCL chemokines as prognostic and immunotherapeutic markers in prostate cancer: a comprehensive analysis.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- A Multi-Gene Signature Associated with 1-Year Survival in Patients with Stage I Liver Cancer: Integration of Preclinical and TCGA Data.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Modulating N1 and N2 neutrophils in breast cancer: potential therapeutic approaches - a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Review
- VEGFD/VEGFR2 axis induces the dedifferentiation of high endothelial venules and impairs lymphocyte homing.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Differential expression pattern of CC chemokine receptor 7 guides precision treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
- Neutrophils in cancer: from immune defense to tumor promotion.Cancer biology & medicine · 2025Review
- Chemokines: humble yet mighty players in the tumour microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- DKK1+ tumor cells inhibited the infiltration of CCL19+ fibroblasts and plasma cells contributing to worse immunotherapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Immunomodulation of human T cells by microbubble-mediated focused ultrasound.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- New perspectives on chemokines in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy: a critical pathway for natural products regulation of the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poor and great heterogeneity among individuals. Chemokines are highly correlated with tumor immune response. Here, we aimed to identify an effective chemokine for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy in HCC.
methodsChemokine C-C motif ligand 21 (CCL21) was screened by transcriptomic analysis in tumor tissues from HCC patients with different responses to ICIs. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was conducted to construct a predictive nomogram. Neutrophils in vitro and HCC subcutaneous tumor model in vivo were applied to explore the role of CCL21 on the tumor microenvironment (TME) of HCC.
resultsTranscriptome analysis showed that CCL21 level was much higher in HCC patients with response to immunotherapy. The predictive nomogram was constructed and validated as a classifier. CCL21 could inhibit N2 neutrophil polarization by suppressing the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. In addition, CCL21 enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of ICIs.
conclusionCCL21 may serve as a predictive biomarker for immunotherapy response in HCC patients. High levels of CCL21 in TME inhibit immunosuppressive polarization of neutrophils. CCL21 in combination with ICIs may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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