Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38366243›Full record

ArticleNature methods2024

Toward universal cell embeddings: integrating single-cell RNA-seq datasets across species with SATURN.

Yanay Rosen, Maria Brbić, Yusuf Roohani, Kyle Swanson, Ziang Li, Jure Leskovec

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature methods, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Latent causal diffusions for single-cell perturbation modeling.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
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  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Single-cell insights into plant growth, adaptation, and evolution.Journal of integrative plant biology · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. The genetic foundations of convergent traits.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026
    Review
  14. Computational modelling of cell identity.The Biochemical journal · 2026
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Evaluating the Utilities of Foundation Models in Single-Cell Data Analysis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yanay Rosen *Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1129-9645
Maria Brbić *School of Computer and Communication Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1120-1778
Yusuf Roohani *Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9577-5014
Kyle SwansonDepartment of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7385-7844
Ziang LiDepartment of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Jure LeskovecDepartment of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. jure@cs.stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5411-923X

Funding

Stanford Tissue Mapping CenterU54HG010426 · NHGRI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI NOLAN, GARRY P, SNYDER, MICHAEL P. · 2018 to 2021
$5.1M
NHGRI NIH HHS U54 HG010426United States Department of Defense | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) HR00112190039
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Analysis of single-cell datasets generated from diverse organisms offers unprecedented opportunities to unravel fundamental evolutionary processes of conservation and diversification of cell types. However, interspecies genomic differences limit the joint analysis of cross-species datasets to homologous genes. Here we present SATURN, a deep learning method for learning universal cell embeddings that encodes genes' biological properties using protein language models. By coupling protein embeddings from language models with RNA expression, SATURN integrates datasets profiled from different species regardless of their genomic similarity. SATURN can detect functionally related genes coexpressed across species, redefining differential expression for cross-species analysis. Applying SATURN to three species whole-organism atlases and frog and zebrafish embryogenesis datasets, we show that SATURN can effectively transfer annotations across species, even when they are evolutionarily remote. We also demonstrate that SATURN can be used to find potentially divergent gene functions between glaucoma-associated genes in humans and four other species.

Indexed as

RNA-SeqSingle-Cell Gene Expression AnalysisZebrafishAnimalsDeep LearningHumansSpecies Specificity

Identifiers

PMID38366243
PMCPMC11310084

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.