ArticleJournal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology2024
Occupational exposure to organic solvents and risk of bladder cancer.
Article in Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of toluene concentration: a comparative assessment of indoor air quality in residential buildings.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Occupational benzene exposure and risk of kidney and bladder cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2025Pooled it
- Elucidating the Mechanisms of Trichloroethylene-Induced Kidney Cancer: Network Toxicology, Molecular Docking, and In Vitro Validation.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2026Article
- Latent profile analysis of health-related quality of life in patients with bladder cancer and abdominal wall stomas: a multicenter cross-sectional study.BMC urology · 2026Article
- Enhancing a job exposure matrix with subject-specific information to assess combined exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene in a case-control study.Annals of work exposures and health · 2026Article
- Intersection of Precision Nutrition and Bladder Cancer: A Narrative State-of-the-Art Review of Potential Applications and Challenges.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Solvent Exposure, Genetic Susceptibility, and Risk of Bladder Cancer.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2025Article
- Occupational hazards and bladder cancer-An umbrella review of the risk in workers exposed over the past 30 years.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Gasdermin D (GSDM D) as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker in Bladder Cancer: New Perspectives in Detection.Cancers · 2024Article
- Clinical and Pathological Characteristics of Bladder Cancer in Patients Aged 18-45 Undergoing Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor.Biomedicines · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBladder cancer has been linked to several occupations that involve the use of solvents, including those used in the dry-cleaning industry.
objectivesWe evaluated exposure to solvents and risk of bladder cancer in 1182 incident cases and 1408 controls from a population-based study.
methodsExposure to solvents was quantitatively assessed using a job-exposure matrix (CANJEM). Exposure to benzene, toluene and xylene often co-occur. Therefore, we created two additional sets of metrics for combined benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) exposure: (1) CANJEM-based BTX metrics and (2) hybrid BTX metrics, using an approach that integrates the CANJEM-based BTX metrics together with lifetime occupational histories and exposure-oriented modules that captured within-job, respondent-specific details about tasks and chemicals. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated using logistic regression.
resultsBladder cancer risks were increased among those ever exposed to benzene (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.14-2.32), toluene (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.06-2.43), and xylene (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.13-2.48) individually. We further observed a statistically significant exposure-response relationship for cumulative BTX exposure, with a stronger association using the hybrid BTX metrics (OR IMPACT: There is limited evidence about the role of exposure to specific organic solvents, alone or in combination on the risk of developing bladder cancer. In this study, workers with increasing exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene as a group (BTX) had a statistically significant exposure-response relationship with bladder cancer. Future evaluation of the carcinogenicity of BTX and other organic solvents, particularly concurrent exposure, on bladder cancer development is needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.