ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2024
Mid-life employment trajectories and subsequent memory function and rate of decline in rural South Africa, 2000-22.
Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic review of the association between life-course socioeconomic status and late-life cognitive decline.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2026Pooled it
- Associations between occupational trajectories at ages 35-55 and later-life cognition in older adults in Chile.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Episodic memory trajectories of older adults with and without HIV: A longitudinal population-based study in rural South Africa.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Variation in Health Status Reports: Triangulating Mixed Methods Data to Assess the Health and Wellbeing of Primary Caregivers to Older Rural South Africans.Journal of cross-cultural gerontology · 2025Article
- The predictive power of employment trajectories on cognition of older adults: Evidence from Chile.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Physical and mental demands of work associated with dementia risk in later life.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Article
- Mid-Life Household Food Insecurity and Subsequent Memory Function and Rate of Decline in Rural South Africa, 2004-2022.Neuroepidemiology · 2025Article
- Impact of the South African Child Support Grant on memory decline and dementia probability in rural and low-income mothers, 2014-2021.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimTo investigate mid-life employment trajectories in relation to later-life memory function and rate of decline in rural South Africa.
methodsData from the Agincourt Health and Socio-Demographic Surveillance System were linked to the 'Health and Ageing in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa' (HAALSI) in rural Agincourt, South Africa (N = 3133). Employment was assessed every 4 years over 2000-12 as being employed (0, 1, 2 and ≥3 time points), being employed in a higher-skill occupation (0, 1, 2 and ≥3 time points) and dynamic employment trajectories identified using sequence analysis. Latent memory z-scores were assessed over 2014-22. Mixed-effects linear regression models were fitted to examine the associations of interest.
resultsSustained mid-life employment from 2000-12 (β = 0.052, 95% CI: -0.028 to 0.132, 1 vs 0 time points; β = 0.163, 95% CI: 0.077 to 0.250, 2 vs 0 time points; β = 0.212, 95% CI: 0.128 to 0.296, ≥3 vs 0 time points) and greater time spent in a higher-skill occupation (β = 0.077, 95% CI: -0.020 to 0.175, 1 vs 0 time points; β = 0.241, 95% CI: 0.070 to 0.412, 2 vs 0 time points; β = 0.361, 95% CI: 0.201 to 0.520, ≥3 vs 0 time points) were associated with higher memory scores in 2014/15, but not subsequent rate of memory decline. Moving from a lower-skill to higher-skill occupation was associated with higher memory function, but a faster rate of decline over 2014-22.
conclusionsSustained mid-life employment, particularly in higher-skill occupations, may contribute to later-life memory function in this post-Apartheid South African setting.
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