ArticleBMC oral health2024
Evaluation of major salivary glands with ultrasonography in multiple sclerosis patients.
Article in BMC oral health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative ultrasonographic and clinical assessment of major salivary glands in patients with chronic kidney disease and healthy controls.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Evaluation of parotid and submandibular salivary glands by ultrasonography in patients using antidepressants: a case control study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Effects of 0.05% Cetylpyridinium Chloride Mouthwash on Halitosis and Tongue Microbiota in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Oral Manifestations of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Evaluation of salivary nitric oxide levels and anxiety in multiple sclerosis patients, with and without Xerostomia: correlation with clinical variables.BMC oral health · 2025Observational
- Recommendations for nutritional supplements for dry eye disease: current advances.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to investigate the homogeneity of the major salivary glands in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients using ultrasonography (USG), assess DMFT indices, measure resting salivary flow rates, and compare these values with healthy individuals.
methodsIn this study, 20 individuals diagnosed with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) (mean age 36.15 ± 8.51) and 20 systemically healthy individuals (mean age 35.7 ± 9.22) were included. Oral and radiologic examinations were performed in all individuals. The parotid and submandibular salivary glands were examined using USG, and their homogeneity was assessed based on the scoring system recommended by the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Clinical Trials (OMERACT) study group. Resting salivary flow rates and DMFT indices were measured, and the obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis.
resultsThe parotid glands exhibited more heterogeneity on USG within the MS patient group than the control group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.015). A statistically significant correlation was observed in total homogeneity values between the patient and control groups (p = 0.021). Furthermore, the MS patient group exhibited higher DMFT indices and lower salivary flow rates than the control group. The difference between the DMFT indices and salivary flow rate between the patient groups was statistically significant (p = 0.004 and p = 0.002 respectively).
conclusionsThe parenchyma of the major salivary glands in MS patients exhibited decreased homogeneity than the healthy controls. Additionally, the MS group showed a decrease in salivary flow rate and an increase in the DMFT index. Autonomic dysfunction and medications used for MS are thought to cause salivary gland hypofunction and dry mouth. It can be interpreted that hyposalivation and motor skill losses in MS patients lead to an increase in DMFT index.
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