ArticleHead & face medicine2024
Three-dimensional computed tomography analysis of airway volume in growing class II patients treated with Frankel II appliance.
Article in Head & face medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pharyngeal Airway Volume Changes and Patient-Reported Breathing and Sleep Comfort Following Class II Functional Orthodontic Treatment, Predominantly the Herbst Therapy, in Growing Children: A Retrospective CBCT Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Three-dimensional CBCT evaluation of nasal and pharyngeal airway changes after rapid maxillary expansion: A study among growing children.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- Changes in the Upper Airway Dimension Following the Use of Functional Appliances in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Long-term evaluation (10 years) of the outcomes of Herbst functional appliance in pharyngeal dimensions and hyoid bone position.Dental press journal of orthodontics · 2025Article
- A comparative study of Twin-Block and van Beek Headgear-Activator on the three-dimensional morphology of the upper airway in growing children with mandibular retraction in skeletal class II malocclusion.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the airway volume changes associated with the use of Frankel appliance (FR II) in Class II malocclusion patients using three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography (3D CBCT) imaging. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe sample consisted of 31 Class II malocclusion patients (mean age 9.24 ± 1.93 years old, 17 males (54.8%) and 14 females (45.2%)) treated with FR II appliance by the same orthodontist for an average of 9 months ± 20 days. CBCT images were taken before and after treatment and upper airway volume changes were measured using Dolphin 3D software version11.0 (Dolphin Imaging, Chatsworth, CA) and statistically compared.
resultsAirway volume of nasal cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx and the total airway volume significantly increased after the use of FR II appliance. In addition, significant increase was reported in maxillary base, inter-molar, inter-premolar and inter-canine width. Significant increase in soft tissue thickness was only recorded opposite to CV2.
conclusionThe use of the FR II appliance in growing subjects with Class II malocclusion led to a significant increase in the upper airway volume in addition to the anticipated dental and skeletal transverse expansion effects.
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Registered trials
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