ReviewFrontiers in nephrology2023
The role of BAFF and APRIL in IgA nephropathy: pathogenic mechanisms and targeted therapies.
Review in Frontiers in nephrology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of BAFF/APRIL-pathway inhibitors versus placebo in adults with IgA nephropathy: a systematic review with pairwise and network meta-analysis.BMC nephrology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of BAFF/APRIL dual antagonists in IgA nephropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Visceral Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction in IgA Nephropathy: Nutritional and Metabolic Perspectives on Disease Progression.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- IgA2Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Trial
- Treatment outcomes and ongoing pediatric trials in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Long-term kidney outcomes associated with telitacicept in patients with IgA nephropathy: a 24-month retrospective comparative cohort study.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Toward a Treatment Goal Framework for Emerging Therapies in IgAN: Implications for Future Research.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Evolving therapeutic landscape of immunoglobulin A nephropathy: targeted immune pathways and novel therapies.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2026Article
- IgA nephropathy: an overview of the disease, its pathophysiology, and involvement of the gut-kidney axis.Kidney international supplements · 2026Review
- Approved therapies in the IgA nephropathy armamentarium: a summary of the evidence.Kidney international supplements · 2026Review
- The expanding role of biomarkers in the management of IgA nephropathy.Kidney international supplements · 2026Review
- Plasma Proteomics in IgA Nephropathy: From Circulating Biomarkers to Molecular Endotypes.Cells · 2026Review
- Structure and function of therapeutic antibodies approved by the US FDA in 2025.Antibody therapeutics · 2026Review
- Immunofluorescence Patterns in IgAN are Associated With Active, Necrotizing Lesions.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- IgA nephropathy new therapies: from data in adults to application in children.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- APRIL-targeted and dual BAFF/APRIL blockade in primary IgA nephropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials.International urology and nephrology · 2026Review
- BAFF as a Key Modulator of Respiratory Mucosal B Cell Immunity in Viral Infection and Mucosal Vaccination.Cells · 2026Review
- Article
- Telitacicept for childhood HSPN: A prospective self-controlled study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Kidney Disease as a Driver of Immunosenescence: Mechanisms and Potential Interventions.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), characterized by mesangial deposition of galactose-deficient-IgA1 (Gd-IgA1), is the most common biopsy-proven primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. Recently, an improved understanding of its underlying pathogenesis and the substantial risk of progression to kidney failure has emerged. The "four-hit hypothesis" of IgAN pathogenesis outlines a process that begins with elevated circulating levels of Gd-IgA1 that trigger autoantibody production. This results in the formation and deposition of immune complexes in the mesangium, leading to inflammation and kidney injury. Key mediators of the production of Gd-IgA1 and its corresponding autoantibodies are B-cell activating factor (BAFF), and A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), each playing essential roles in the survival and maintenance of B cells and humoral immunity. Elevated serum levels of both BAFF and APRIL are observed in patients with IgAN and correlate with disease severity. This review explores the complex pathogenesis of IgAN, highlighting the pivotal roles of BAFF and APRIL in the interplay between mucosal hyper-responsiveness, B-cell activation, and the consequent overproduction of Gd-IgA1 and its autoantibodies that are key features in this disease. Finally, the potential therapeutic benefits of inhibiting BAFF and APRIL in IgAN, and a summary of recent clinical trial data, will be discussed.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.