Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38360938›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Mouth breathing reduces oral function in adolescence.

Yukako Masutomi, Takaharu Goto, Tetsuo Ichikawa

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Adenoid-Nasopharyngeal Ratio and craniofacial growth in Children: A two-center longitudinal study with threshold and causal analyses.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Global warming risks dehydrating and inflaming human airways.Communications earth & environment · 2025
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yukako MasutomiDepartment of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan.
Takaharu GotoDepartment of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan. tak510@tokushima-u.ac.jp.
Tetsuo IchikawaDepartment of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan.
Tokushima University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although humans breathe naturally through the nostrils, mouth breathing in children has recently gathered attention. In this study, we hypothesized that tongue function and its related maxillofacial morphology would affect breathing in adolescence. To verify this hypothesis, we examined the association between breathing patterns, including mouth and nasal breathing; oral functions, including tongue motor function; and craniofacial morphology during adolescence, which has not been investigated till date. C3-H, which indicates the anteroposterior position of the hyoid bone in relation to the third cervical vertebra, was significantly smaller in mouth-breathers than in nasal-breathers. Lip-closing force, tongue pressure, and masticatory efficiency were lower in the order of nasal-breathers, oronasal-breathers, and mouth-breathers, and the values for mouth-breathers were significantly lower than those for nasal-breathers. Tongue pressure alone was identified as a significant independent variable, with an odds ratio of 1.063 (95% confidence interval, 1.006-1.123; p < 0.05). Our results indicate a relationship between mouth breathing and the lip-closing force, tongue pressure, and masticatory efficiency, as well as the significance of tongue pressure on mouth breathing in adolescents. The findings highlight the importance of clarifying the pathophysiology of mouth breathing and its underlying causes.

Indexed as

Mouth BreathingTongueAdolescentCephalometryCervical VertebraeChildHumansPressure

Identifiers

PMID38360938
PMCPMC10869721
OpenAlexW4391840574

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.