ArticleJournal of intensive care2024
External validation of the HACOR score and ROX index for predicting treatment failure in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia managed on high-flow nasal cannula therapy: a multicenter retrospective observational study in Japan.
Article in Journal of intensive care, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predicting Failure at Initiation of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen in Patients With COVID-19: Literature Review, Development and Internal Validation of a Prediction Model.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2026Observational
- [Invasive mechanical ventilation: indications and alternatives : Systematic evaluation of the evidence and recommendations for clinical practice from the S3 guidelines "invasive mechanical ventilation and the use of extracorporeal procedures in acute respiratory failure"].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2026Review
- Prediction of high-flow nasal cannula failure in critically ill patients: a narrative review.Journal of intensive care · 2026Review
- Machine learning models compared with current clinical indices to predict the outcome of high flow nasal cannula therapy in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe HACOR score for predicting treatment failure includes vital signs and acid-base balance factors, whereas the ROX index only considers the respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO
methodsThis retrospective, observational, multicenter study included patients, aged ≥ 18 years, diagnosed with COVID-19 and treated with HFNC therapy between January 16, 2020, and March 31, 2022. The HACOR score and ROX index were calculated at 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after stating HFNC therapy. The primary outcome was treatment failure (requirement for intubation or occurrence of death within 7 days). We calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and assessed the diagnostic performance of these indicators. The 2-h time-point prediction was considered the primary analysis and that of other time-points as the secondary analysis. We also assessed 2-h time-point sensitivity and specificity using previously reported cutoff values (HACOR score > 5, ROX index < 2.85).
resultsWe analyzed 300 patients from 9 institutions (median age, 60 years; median SpO
conclusionsIn COVID-19 patients receiving HFNC therapy in Japan, the predictive performance of the HACOR score and ROX index at the 2-h time-point may be inadequate. Furthermore, clinicians should be mindful of time-point scores owing to the variation of the models' predictive performance with the time-point. Trial registration UMIN (registration number: UMIN000050024, January 13, 2023).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.