ArticleCancer2024
SWOG 1609 cohort 48: anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 for advanced gallbladder cancer.
Article in Cancer, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02834013 (DART), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
DART: Dual Anti-CTLA-4 and Anti-PD-1 Blockade in Rare Tumors
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multicenter phase II trial of ipilimumab and nivolumab in metastatic or unresectable perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa): a substudy ofJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Trial
- A phase II basket trial of dual anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 blockade in rare tumors (DART) SWOG S1609: durable responses and delayed pseudoprogression in small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type cohort.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2025Trial
- A Phase II Basket Trial of Dual Anti-CTLA-4 and Anti-PD-1 Blockade in Rare Tumors SWOG S1609: Vulvar Cancers.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Trial
- SWOG/NCI Phase II Dual Anti-CTLA-4/PD-1 Blockade in Rare Tumors: Nonepithelial Ovarian Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2024Trial
- Phase II basket trial of dual anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 blockade in rare tumors (DART) SWOG S1609: the desmoid tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Trial
- Immunotherapy for Digestive System Cancers: Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Improving Gallbladder Cancer Outcomes with Antibody-Based Therapies and Immunological Profiling: A Literature Review.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The B7 family subgroup reflects tumor cell heterogeneity and patient post-operative prognosis in gallbladder cancer.Biology direct · 2026Article
- New progress and clinical research translation of immune checkpoint inhibitors in systemic therapy of gallbladder cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: Exploration of Third-Line and Other Therapeutic Areas After Failure of Chemotherapy Alone.Cancers · 2025Review
- Development and challenges in the treatment of advanced gallbladder cancer (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- Dual anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 blockade in metastatic basal cell carcinoma.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Evolving approaches in advanced gallbladder cancer with complete pathological response using chemo‑immunotherapy: A case report.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- Progress on immuno-microenvironment and immune-related therapies in patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei.Cancer biology & medicine · 2024Review
- Phase II trial of dual anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 blockade in rare tumors SWOG/NCI experience: invasive mucinous or non-mucinous lepidic adenocarcinoma of the lung (formerly bronchioloalveolar carcinoma).Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 11 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionMost patients with advanced gallbladder cancer are treated with multiagent chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors offer the possibility of a durable response with less toxicity. This prospective, multicenter, open-label study was designed to evaluate the anticancer activity of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with advanced gallbladder cancer.
methodsNineteen patients with advanced gallbladder cancer refractory to ≥1 previous therapy received nivolumab 240 mg intravenously every 2 weeks and ipilimumab 1 mg/kg intravenously every 6 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was confirmed radiographic overall response rate (ORR) (complete response [CR] + partial response [PR] confirmed on subsequent scan); secondary end points included unconfirmed overall response, clinical benefit rate (confirmed and unconfirmed responses + stable disease >6 months), progression-free survival, overall survival, and toxicity.
resultsThe confirmed ORR was 16% (CR, n = 1 [5%]; PR, n = 2 [11%]); all were microsatellite stable, and the confirmed CR had undetectable programmed death-ligand 1 by immunohistochemistry. The unconfirmed ORR and clinical benefit rates were both 32%. The median duration of response was 14.8 months (range, 4-35.1+ months). The 6-month progression-free survival was 26% (95% CI, 12-55). The median overall survival was 7.0 months (95% CI, 3.9-19.1). The most common toxicities were fatigue (32%), anemia (26%), and anorexia (26%). Aspartate aminotransferase elevation was the most common grade 3/4 toxicity (11%). There was 1 possibly related death (sepsis with attendant hepatic failure).
conclusionsIpilimumab plus nivolumab was well tolerated and showed modest efficacy with durable responses in previously treated patients with advanced gallbladder cancer. CLINICAL
trial registrationNCT02834013 (ClincialTrials.gov). PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: This prospective study assessed the efficacy and safety of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in 19 patients with advanced gallbladder cancer refractory to previous therapy. The combination demonstrated modest efficacy with a 16% confirmed overall response rate, durable responses, and manageable toxicities, suggesting potential benefits for this challenging patient population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.