ArticleRapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM2024
Chemical analysis of additives included in fully formulated oils using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Article in Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemical analysis of additives included in fully formulated oils using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleFully formulated oils (FFOs) are chemically complex petrochemical products composed of base oil and additive mixtures that are employed in automotive engines to provide lubrication. In particular, the additive portion of FFOs is often precisely controlled to tailor the resultant formulation to a specific role. Analysis of the additive composition of both used and unused FFOs is therefore of great importance within the petroleum, automotive, and wider engineering industries.
methodsA simple and rapid reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method is reported herein for the analysis of a range of additives commonly encountered in FFO samples. Mass spectrometry was performed using an LTQ Orbitrap XL instrument using both positive- and negative-ion electrospray ionization. Tandem mass spectra were acquired in the data-dependent mode. FFO samples were analysed with minimal sample preparation, limited in this case to simple dilution steps.
resultsThe reported method permits analysis of a range of antioxidant, detergent, and antiwear chemistries from various FFO samples in under 10 min. Additionally, it is demonstrated that additive confirmation can be performed and some structural information obtained using the data-dependent tandem mass spectrometry method. Furthermore, analysis of additives and corresponding degradation products within a used FFO is reported.
conclusionsThe results obtained using the reported methodology are of demonstrable use in numerous industries and applications, and readily return an abundance of information on the additive composition of a range of FFO samples. Anticipated applications of the methodology include but are not limited to quality control, suspected counterfeit analysis, and FFO degradation analysis.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.