ReviewEndocrine2024
Gonadal dysfunction in women with diabetes mellitus.
Review in Endocrine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Iron overload disorders in adults: a comprehensive review of gonadal function, reproductive, and sexual health.Human reproduction update · 2026Pooled it
- Relation between Helicobacter pylori infection and menopausal symptoms in diabetic women.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Rising Global Burden of Diabetes and Kidney Disease in Women Aged 15-49 Years: A Global Burden of Disease 2021 Analysis.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Protective Role of Spermidine Against Diabetes-Induced Ovarian and Endometrial Injury via LC3 and Beclin-1 Modulation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Systemic impacts of diabetes on spermatogenesis and intervention strategies: multilayered mechanism analysis and cutting-edge therapeutic approaches.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025Review
- Multilevel Assessment of Glycemic, Hormonal, and Oxidative Parameters in an Experimental Diabetic Female Rat Model.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- An ovary-intact postmenopausal HFpEF mouse model; menopause is more than just estrogen deficiency.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Modes of action of traditional Chinese medicine for diabetic infertility: from molecular pathways to clinical evidence.American journal of clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Review
- Association between a body shape index and female infertility: a cross-sectional study.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Diseases: Exploring the Role of Microbiota and Immunity.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- FSH/LH co-stimulation in Advanced Maternal Age (AMA) and hypo-responder patients - Arabian gulf delphi consensus group.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Global, regional, and national burden inequality of chronic kidney disease, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is well known that both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are related to increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, besides these prominently presented complications, DM has also been associated with reproductive dysfunctions. It seems that these disorders are met in up to 40% of women with DM and consist of delayed menarche, all types of menstrual disorders, such as amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, menstrual irregularity, as well as menorrhagia, infertility, characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and early (or rarely late) menopause. In type 1 DM (T1DM), insulin treatment, although it has reduced the rates of insulinopenic-induced hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, an entity commonly presented in many women with the disease in the past decades, when it is used in excess it can also promote hyperandrogenism. Regarding type 2 DM (T2DM), insulin resistance (IR) and hyperinsulinemia have mainly been implicated in the pathogenesis of reproductive dysfunctions, as insulin can act as gonadotropin on the theca cells of the ovary and can lead to hyperandrogenism and inhibition of proper ovulation. This review aims to detail the reproductive dysfunctions associated with DM and provide scientific data to enlighten the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.