Spontaneous playful teasing in four great ape species.

I B Laumer, S L Winkler, F Rossano, E A Cartmill

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Spontaneous playful teasing in four great ape species.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

I B LaumerDepartment of Anthropology, University of California Los Angeles, Haines Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1597-0072

S L WinklerDepartment of Anthropology, University of California Los Angeles, Haines Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6672-7929

F RossanoDepartment of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6544-7685

E A CartmillDepartment of Anthropology, University of California Los Angeles, Haines Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7719-4320

Funding

NSF DGE-2034835TWCF TWCF0318

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Joking draws on complex cognitive abilities: understanding social norms, theory of mind, anticipating others' responses and appreciating the violation of others' expectations. Playful teasing, which is present in preverbal infants, shares many of these cognitive features. There is some evidence that great apes can tease in structurally similar ways, but no systematic study exists. We developed a coding system to identify playful teasing and applied it to video of zoo-housed great apes. All four species engaged in intentionally provocative behaviour, frequently accompanied by characteristics of play. We found playful teasing to be characterized by attention-getting, one-sidedness, response looking, repetition and elaboration/escalation. It takes place mainly in relaxed contexts, has a wide variety of forms, and differs from play in several ways (e.g. asymmetry, low rates of play signals like the playface and absence of movement-final 'holds' characteristic of intentional gestures). As playful teasing is present in all extant great ape genera, it is likely that the cognitive prerequisites for joking evolved in the hominoid lineage at least 13 million years ago.

Indexed as

HominidaeAnimalsAttentionCognitionGesturesHumansInfantgreat apehumournon-human primateplayplayful teasingsocial cognition

Identifiers

PMID38351806

DOI10.1098/rspb.2023.2345

PMCPMC10864999

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.