Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38351649›Full record

ArticleBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2024

Evaluating Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae screening and treatment among asymptomatic pregnant women to prevent preterm birth and low birthweight in Gaborone, Botswana: A secondary analysis from a non-randomised, cluster-controlled trial.

Adriane Wynn, Aamirah Mussa, Rebecca Ryan, Chibuzor M Babalola, Emily Hansman, Kehumile Ramontshonyana, Lefhela Tamuthiba, Neo Ndlovu, Melissa L Wilson, Doreen Ramogola-Masire and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readMulticenter StudyControlled Clinical Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Effect of antenatalSexually transmitted infections · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Adriane WynnDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8067-3616
Aamirah MussaBotswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana.
Rebecca RyanBotswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana.
Chibuzor M BabalolaKeck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Emily HansmanDavid Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Kehumile RamontshonyanaBotswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana.
Lefhela TamuthibaBotswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana.
Neo NdlovuBotswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana.
Melissa L WilsonKeck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Doreen Ramogola-MasireDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Botswana, Sir Ketumile Masire Teaching Hospital/G5038, Gaborone, Botswana.
Jeffrey D KlausnerKeck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Chelsea MorroniBotswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana.
Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership · BWUniversity of Southern California · USMRC Centre for Reproductive Health · GBUniversity of Botswana · BWUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USUniversity of California System · US

Funding

VirologyP30AI036214 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI David Mitchell Smith · 1994 to 2026
$78.4M
Modeling reductions in harmful alcohol use on HIV transmission and mortality in the era of universal test and treat in UgandaK01AA027733 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI WYNN, ADRIANE MICHELLE · 2020 to 2024
$888k
The diagnosis and treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in pregnant women to prevent adverse neonatal consequencesR21HD100821 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI KLAUSNER, JEFFREY DAVID, MORRONI, CHELSEA · 2020 to 2021
$398k
NIAAA NIH HHS K01 AA027733NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI036214NICHD NIH HHS R21 HD100821Open Philanthropy in San FranciscoThe Eunice Kennedy Shriver Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health R21HD100821
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate the impact of screening and treating asymptomatic pregnant women for Chlamydia (C.) trachomatis and Neisseria (N.) gonorrhoeae infections on the frequency of preterm birth or low birthweight infants in Botswana.

designNon-randomised, cluster-controlled trial.

settingFour antenatal care clinics in Gaborone, Botswana. POPULATION: Pregnant women aged ≥15 years, attending a first antenatal care visit, ≤27 weeks of gestation and without urogenital symptoms were eligible.

methodsParticipants in the intervention clinics received screening (GeneXpert®, Cepheid) during pregnancy and at the postnatal visit. Participants in the standard-of-care clinics received screening at the postnatal visit only. We used multivariable logistic regression and post-estimation predictive margins analysis. Post-hoc analysis was conducted among sub-samples stratified by parity.

main outcome measuresPreterm birth (<37 weeks of gestation) and low birthweight (<2500 g).

resultsAfter controlling for parity, hypertension, antenatal care visits and clinic site, the predicted prevalence of preterm birth or low birthweight was lower in the intervention arm (11%) compared with the standard-of-care arm (16%) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28-1.24). In post-hoc analysis, the intervention was more effective than the standard-of-care (aOR 0.20; 95% CI 0.07-0.64) among nulliparous participants.

conclusionA C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infection screening and treatment intervention among asymptomatic pregnant women may have reduced preterm birth or low birthweight outcomes, but results were not statistically significant. Post-hoc analysis found that the intervention reduced adverse outcomes among nulliparous participants.

Indexed as

Chlamydia InfectionsChlamydia trachomatisGonorrheaInfant, Low Birth WeightNeisseria gonorrhoeaePregnancy Complications, InfectiousPremature BirthAdolescentAdultAnti-Bacterial AgentsBotswanaFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornMass ScreeningPregnancyAnti-Bacterial AgentsChlamydia trachomatislow birthweightNeisseria gonorrhoeaepregnancypreterm birthsexually transmitted infectionssyndromic management

Identifiers

PMID38351649
PMCPMC11500666
OpenAlexW4391817124

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.