ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2024
Risk factors of adverse birth outcomes among a cohort of pregnant women in Coastal Kenya, 2017-2019.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adverse birth outcomes and associated factors among African grand multiparous women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Pooled it
- Routine Antenatal Echocardiography in High-Prevalence Areas of Rheumatic Heart Disease: A WHO-Guideline Systematic Review.Global heart · 2024Pooled it
- Factors associated with early obstetric ultrasound uptake at a tertiary hospital in Northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Effect of completing eight or more antenatal care contacts on adverse pregnancy outcomes in a district hospital in Ghana: A propensity score-matched and doubly robust analysis.Global epidemiology · 2026Article
- Effects of antenatal depression on adverse birth outcomes among women attending antenatal care at Jimma University Medical Center, Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The First 1000 Critical Days: Determinants of Adverse Birth Outcomes in the Sari Birth Cohort, Iran.International journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Emerging trends and cross-country health inequalities in congenital birth defects: insights from the GBD 2021 study.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
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- Adverse birth outcomes and associated factors among Sub-Saharan African grand multiparas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Therapeutic advances in reproductive healthArticle
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
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Abstract
introductionAdverse birth outcomes particularly preterm births and congenital anomalies, are the leading causes of infant mortality globally, and the burden is highest in developing countries. We set out to determine the frequency of adverse birth outcomes and the risk factors associated with such outcomes in a cohort of pregnant women in Kenya.
methodsFrom October 2017 to July 2019, pregnant women < 28 weeks gestation were enrolled and followed up until delivery in three hospitals in coastal Kenya. Newborns were examined at delivery. Among women with birth outcome data, we assessed the frequency of congenital anomalies defined as gastroschisis, umbilical hernia, limb abnormalities and Trisomy 21, and adverse birth outcomes, defined as either stillbirth, miscarriage, preterm birth, small for gestational age, or microcephaly. We used log-binomial regression to identify maternal characteristics associated with the presence of at least one adverse outcome.
resultsAmong the 2312 women enrolled, 1916 (82.9%) had birth outcome data. Overall, 402/1916 (20.9%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 19.1-22.8) pregnancies had adverse birth outcomes. Specifically, 66/1916 (3.4%; 95% CI: 2.7-4.4) were stillbirths, 34/1916 (1.8%; 95% CI: 1.2-2.4) were miscarriages and 23/1816 (1.2%; 95% CI: 0.8-1.9) had congenital anomalies. Among the participants with anthropometric measurements data, 142/1200 (11.8%; 95% CI: 10.1 - 13.8) were small for gestational age and among the participants with ultrasound records, 143/1711 (8.4%; 95% CI: 7.1-9.8) were preterm. Febrile illnesses in current pregnancy (adjusted risk ratio (aRR): 1.7; 95% CI: 1.1-2.8), a history of poor birth outcomes in prior pregnancy (aRR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.3-2.4) and high blood pressure in pregnancy (aRR: 3.9, 95% CI: (1.7-9.2) were independently associated with adverse birth outcomes in a model that included age, education, human immunodeficiency virus status and high blood pressure at enrolment.
conclusionWe found similar rates of overall adverse birth outcomes, congenital anomalies, and small for gestational age but higher rates of stillbirths and lower rates of prematurity compared to the rates that have been reported in the sub-Saharan Africa region. However, the rates of adverse birth outcomes in this study were comparable to other studies conducted in Kenya. Febrile illnesses during the current pregnancy, previous history of poor birth outcomes and high blood pressure in pregnancy are predictive of an increased risk of adverse birth outcomes.
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