SynthesisThe British journal of radiology2024
The clinical significance of indeterminate pulmonary nodules in patients with primary bone sarcoma: a systematic review.
Synthesis in The British journal of radiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systemic strategies for osteosarcoma: advances and future directions.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- New insights into imaging of pulmonary metastases from extra-thoracic neoplasms.La Radiologia medica · 2025Review
- Multiple Indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs) as independent prognostic indicators in pediatric osteosarcoma: A ten-year retrospective study.Journal of bone oncology · 2025Article
- The Role of Positron Emission Tomography Imaging in Primary Bone Tumours: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Development and validation of a predictive score for chemoresistance in high-grade osteosarcoma at baseline.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo report the incidence of indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPN) and the rate of progression of IPNs to metastasis in patients with primary bone cancers. We also aimed to evaluate clinical or radiological parameters that may identify IPNs more likely to progress to metastatic disease and their effect on overall or event-free survival in patients with primary bone sarcoma.
methodsA systematic search of the electronic databases Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library was undertaken for eligible articles on IPNs in patients with primary bone sarcomas, published in the English language from inception of the databases to 2023. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Form for Cohort Studies was utilized to evaluate risk of bias in included studies.
resultsSix studies, involving 1667 patients, were included in this systematic review. Pooled quantitative analysis found the rate of incidence of IPN to be 18.1% (302 out of 1667) and the rate of progression to metastasis to be 45.0% (136 out of 302). Nodule size (more than 5 mm diameter), number (more than or equal to 4), distribution (bilaterally distributed), incomplete calcification, and lobulated margins were associated with an increased likelihood of IPNs progressing to metastasis, however, their impact on overall or event-free survival remains unclear.
conclusionThe risk of IPNs progressing to metastasis in patients with primary bone sarcoma is non-negligible. Large IPNs have a high risk to be an actual metastasis. We suggest that IPNs in these patients be followed up for a minimum of 2 years with CT imaging at 3, 6, and 12 month intervals, particularly for nodules measuring >5 mm in average diameter. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: This is the first systematic review on IPNs in patients with primary bone sarcomas only and proposes viable management strategies for such patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.