Observational studyEuropean journal of orthodontics2024
Validation and comparison of 2D grading scales and 3D volumetric measurements for outcome assessment of bone-grafted alveolar clefts in children.
Observational study in European journal of orthodontics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Long-Term Results of Autologous Tooth Bone Grafting in Alveolar Cleft Reconstruction: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Volumetric Assessment of Resorption Patterns of Bilateral Alveolar Clefts in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Two- Stage Bone Graft.Orthodontics & craniofacial research · 2025Article
- A novel cone beam-CT approach for quantifying maxillary changes following secondary alveolar bone grafting in unilateral cleft patients.BMC oral health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSeveral methods have been proposed to assess outcome of bone-grafted alveolar clefts on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), but so far these methods have not been compared and clinically validated.
objectivesTo validate and compare methods for outcome assessment of bone-grafted clefts with CBCT and provide recommendations for follow-up.
methodsIn this observational follow-up study, two grading scales (Suomalainen; Liu) and the volumetric bone fill (BF) were used to assess the outcome of 23 autogenous bone-grafted unilateral alveolar clefts. The mean age at bone grafting was 9 years. The volumetric BF was assessed in five vertical sections. The bone-grafted cleft outcome was based on a binary coding (success or regraft) on a clinical multidisciplinary expert consensus meeting. Grading scales and volumetric assessment were compared in relation to the bone-grafted cleft outcome (success or regraft). Reliability for the different outcome variables was analyzed with intra-class correlation and by calculating kappa values. LIMITATIONS: The study had a limited sample size. Clinical CBCT acquisitions had a varying tube current and exposure time.
resultsVolumetric 3D measurements allowed for outcome assessment of bone-grafted alveolar clefts with high reliability and validity. The two grading scales showed highly reliable outcomes, yet the validity was high for the Suomalainen grading scale but low for the Liu grading scale.
conclusionsVolumetric 3D measurement as well as the Suomalainen grading can be recommended for outcome assessment of the bone-grafted cleft. Yet, one must always make a patient-specific assessment if there is a need to regraft.
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