Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38345538›Full record

ArticleJournal of the Royal Society of Medicine2024

Risk of winter hospitalisation and death from acute respiratory infections in Scotland: national retrospective cohort study.

Ting Shi, Tristan Millington, Chris Robertson, Karen Jeffrey, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Colin McCowan, Colin R Simpson, Lana Woolford, Luke Daines, Steven Kerr and 13 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Is there a case for independent expert witnesses?Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Ting ShiUsher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4101-4535
Tristan MillingtonUsher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0260-0515
Chris RobertsonDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XQ, Scotland, UK.
Karen JeffreyUsher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0061-6089
Srinivasa Vittal KatikireddiMRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK.
Colin McCowanSchool of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9AJ, Scotland, UK.
Colin R SimpsonUsher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.
Lana WoolfordUsher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.
Luke DainesUsher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.
Steven KerrUsher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.
Ben SwallowSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, Scotland, UK.
Adeniyi FagbamigbeInstitute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2ZD, Scotland, UK.
Catalina A VallejosMRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland, UK.
David WeatherillUsher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.
Sandra JayacodiUsher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.
Kimberly MarshPublic Health Scotland, Glasgow, G2 6QE, Scotland, UK.
Jim McMenaminPublic Health Scotland, Glasgow, G2 6QE, Scotland, UK.
Igor RudanUsher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.
Lewis Duthie RitchieInstitute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2ZD, Scotland, UK.
Tanja MuellerStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK.
Amanj KurdiStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, Scotland, UK.
Aziz SheikhUsher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK.
Public Health Scotland and the EAVE II Collaborators

Funding

Chief Scientist Office SCAF/15/02Medical Research Council MC_PC_19075Medical Research Council MC_PC_20058Medical Research Council MC_UU_00022/2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWe undertook a national analysis to characterise and identify risk factors for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) resulting in hospitalisation during the winter period in Scotland.

designA population-based retrospective cohort analysis.

settingScotland.

participantsThe study involved 5.4 million residents in Scotland.

main outcome measuresCox proportional hazard models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between risk factors and ARI hospitalisation.

resultsBetween 1 September 2022 and 31 January 2023, there were 22,284 (10.9% of 203,549 with any emergency hospitalisation) ARI hospitalisations (1759 in children and 20,525 in adults) in Scotland. Compared with the reference group of children aged 6-17 years, the risk of ARI hospitalisation was higher in children aged 3-5 years (aHR = 4.55; 95% CI: 4.11-5.04). Compared with those aged 25-29 years, the risk of ARI hospitalisation was highest among the oldest adults aged ≥80 years (aHR = 7.86; 95% CI: 7.06-8.76). Adults from more deprived areas (most deprived vs. least deprived, aHR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.57-1.72), with existing health conditions (≥5 vs. 0 health conditions, aHR = 4.84; 95% CI: 4.53-5.18) or with history of all-cause emergency admissions (≥6 vs. 0 previous emergency admissions, aHR = 7.53; 95% CI: 5.48-10.35) were at a higher risk of ARI hospitalisations. The risk increased by the number of existing health conditions and previous emergency admission. Similar associations were seen in children.

conclusionsYounger children, older adults, those from more deprived backgrounds and individuals with greater numbers of pre-existing conditions and previous emergency admission were at increased risk for winter hospitalisations for ARI.

Indexed as

HospitalizationRespiratory Tract InfectionsSeasonsAcute DiseaseAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsEpidemiologyhealth informaticsrespiratory medicine

Identifiers

PMID38345538
PMCPMC11450722

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.