ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2024
Applying the estimand and target trial frameworks to external control analyses using observational data: a case study in the solid tumor setting.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Estimating per-protocol effects in external comparator analyses using real-world data.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2025Review
- Review of Recent Pharmacoepidemiologic Post-Market Safety Studies Through the Lens of the Estimand Framework.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2025Review
- On the use of external controls in clinical trials.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2025Article
- Applying the estimand and target trial frameworks to external control analyses using observational data: a case study in the solid tumor setting.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- External comparator studies and the joint application of the estimand and target trial emulation frameworks.Frontiers in drug safety and regulation · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.