ArticleFrontiers in immunology2024
Dynamic immune signatures of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer for infection prediction after immunotherapy.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in infection-immunity mechanisms and molecular regulatory networks in severe pneumonia-associated lung injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Comparative efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors versus docetaxel in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Serum TNF -α, IL-10 and IL-2 Trajectories and Outcomes in NSCLC and Melanoma Under Anti-PD-1 Therapy: Longitudinal Real-World Evidence from a Single Center.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Pan-cancer convergence of tumour-immune microenvironment motifs revealed by CyTOF and imaging mass cytometry.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Construction of a risk prediction model for lung infection after chemotherapy in lung cancer patients based on the machine learning algorithm.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Immune signatures of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer for efficacy prediction after immunotherapy.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary infections are a crucial health concern for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Whether the clinical outcome of pulmonary infection is influenced by immunotherapy(IO) remains unclear. By evaluating immune signatures, this study investigated the post-immunotherapy risk of pulmonary infection in patients with lung cancer and identified circulating biomarkers that predict post-immunotherapy infection. Methods: Blood specimens were prospectively collected from patients with NSCLC before and after chemotherapy(C/T) and/or IO to explore dynamic changes in immune signatures. Real-world clinical data were extracted from medical records for outcome evaluation. Mass cytometry and ELISA were employed to analyze immune signatures and cytokine profiles to reveal potential correlations between immune profiles and the risk of infection. Results: The retrospective cohort included 283 patients with advanced NSCLC. IO was associated with a lower risk of pneumonia (odds ratio=0.46, p=0.012). Patients receiving IO and remained pneumonia-free exhibited the most favorable survival outcomes compared with those who received C/T or developed pneumonia (p<0.001). The prospective cohort enrolled 30 patients. The proportion of circulating NK cells significantly increased after treatment in IO alone (p<0.001) and C/T+IO group (p<0.01). An increase in cell densities of circulating PD-1 Conclusions: Our results indicate that the incorporation of immunotherapy into treatment regimens may potentially offer protective effects against pulmonary infection. Protective effects are associated with reduction of exhausted T-cells and augmentation of TNF-α and NK cells. Exhausted T cells, NK cells, and TNF-α may play crucial roles in immune responses against infections. These observations highlight the potential utility of certain circulating biomarkers, particularly exhausted T cells, for predicting post-treatment infections.
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