ReviewFrontiers in immunology2024
Innate immune responses to RNA: sensing and signaling.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunopharmacological design of a multi-epitope vaccine targeting hepatitis C virus genotype 3a.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Enterovirus infections in children.Pediatric investigation · 2026Review
- Immune response to DNA and RNA: structural insights, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic targeting.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Engineered Bacterial Membranes as Next-Generation Platforms for Cancer Immunotherapy.Small science · 2026Review
- Next-Generation Nanocarrier Platforms for RNA Vaccines: Advances in Formulation, Stability Engineering, and Translational Manufacturing Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- DNA oligonucleotides block viral entry of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Review
- Immunopathogenesis and Cytokine Pathways in Reactive Infectious Mucocutaneous Eruption (RIME) in Pediatric Population: Infectious Triggers and Molecular Insights.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Toll-like Receptor 3 as a Context-Dependent Molecular Switch in Epithelial Cancers: Balancing Cell Death and Tumor-Supportive Programs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A comprehensive analysis of the use of nucleoside analogues in RNA therapeutics.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Pharmaceutical design of mRNA vaccines for endemic infectious diseases: integrating antigen discovery with platform engineering.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2026Review
- "More" Artificial mRNAs: Beyond the Art of Nature.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Impact of Prior mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination on PFS2 in NSCLC Patients Receiving Second-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Real-World Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Factors Influencing HIV Infection.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- NNature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Review
- RNA-triggered innate immunity: friend and foe.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Review
- CRM1-dependent nuclear export of TRIM28 promotes MAVS K48-linked ubiquitination and suppresses RIG-I-mediated antiviral response.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- In vivo CAR-T cell engineering: concept, research progress, potential challenges and enhancement strategies.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nucleic acids are among the most essential PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns). Animals have evolved numerous sensors to recognize nucleic acids and trigger immune signaling against pathogen replication, cellular stress and cancer. Many sensor proteins (e.g., cGAS, AIM2, and TLR9) recognize the molecular signature of infection or stress and are responsible for the innate immune response to DNA. Remarkably, recent evidence demonstrates that cGAS-like receptors acquire the ability to sense RNA in some forms of life. Compared with the nucleic-acid sensing by cGAS, innate immune responses to RNA are based on various RNA sensors, including RIG-I, MDA5, ADAR1, TLR3/7/8, OAS1, PKR, NLRP1/6, and ZBP1, via a broad-spectrum signaling axis. Importantly, new advances have brought to light the potential clinical application of targeting these signaling pathways. Here, we highlight the latest discoveries in the field. We also summarize the activation and regulatory mechanisms of RNA-sensing signaling. In addition, we discuss how RNA sensing is tightly controlled in cells and why the disruption of immune homeostasis is linked to disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.