ArticleScars, burns & healing
The effect of adult coloring (mandala pattern) on pain and anxiety associated with dressing changes in burn patients: A randomized controlled trial.
Article in Scars, burns & healing. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of mandala coloring on the psychological and physiological symptoms in adult hospitalized patients: a meta-analysis.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Pooled it
- The Effect of Mandala Colouring on Spiritual and Psychological Well-Being in Family Members Caring for Palliative Care Patients: Experimental Study.Scandinavian journal of caring sciences · 2026Trial
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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: The study investigated the effect of mandala coloring on pain and anxiety associated with dressing changes in burn patients. Method: This clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients in two groups. At the beginning of the study [baseline (T1)], anxiety and pain were assessed using the BSPAS and VAS. A mandala pattern with colored pencils was provided to the patients in the intervention group. Each patient was given 30 min to color. Anxiety was measured at the 35th minute (T2). A dressing change was performed and 15 min later, the variables were measured again (T3). The control group received no intervention. Results: The mean anxiety at the baseline (T1), 35th minute (T2), and 15 min after dressing changes (T3) in the intervention and control groups were 38.73 ± 5.55, 26.20 ± 6.08 and 28 ± 8.53, and 39.17 ± 4.17, 41.27 ± 3.68 and 41.63 ± 2.97, respectively. Anxiety at T1 was at the same for both groups. The anxiety in the intervention group decreased (P < 0.001) at T2 and T3 and increased in the control group. The mean pain intensity at the baseline (T1) and 15 min after dressing changes (T2) in the intervention group was 8.47 ± 1.432 and 5.9 ± 1.9, respectively, and in the control group was 8.33 ± 0.802 and 8.77 ± 0.626. Pain intensity at T1 was at the same level for both groups. The pain in the intervention group decreased at T2 (P < 0.001), whilst it increased in the control group. Conclusion: Mandala coloring can reduce pain and anxiety during dressing changes in burn patients. It can be used as adjuvant treatment. Lay Summary: Wound dressing in burn patients is accompanied by pain. This painful experience can lead to wound dressing anxiety in these patients. For this purpose, a study was conducted to check whether coloring before wound dressing can reduce the pain and anxiety of dressing in adults. Two groups of patients were included in the study; before the dressing, one group received a pre-prepared image of mandela designs along with colored pencils and colored the design to their taste. The other group did not receive any intervention. The intensity of pain and the level of anxiety of the two groups were measured before and after the dressing. The results showed that the coloring of the mandela design before dressing reduced the pain and anxiety related to the proceedure.
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