ArticlePsychological medicine2024
20-year neurocognitive development following a schizophrenia spectrum disorder and associations with symptom severity and functional outcomes.
Article in Psychological medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Exploring the Relationship between Cognitive Performance, Performance-Based Functioning, and Everyday Functioning in People with Schizophrenia: a Systematic Literature Review.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Pooled it
- Cognitive change 5+ years since the onset of a psychotic disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychological medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Transition rates to schizophrenia and early intervention effectiveness in substance-induced and brief psychotic disorders: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Concomitant pathologies and their impact on schizophrenia: a narrative overview of current evidence.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Psychosocial Interventions, Recovery, and Mediating Mechanisms in Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Working-memory effects of prefrontal tDCS across baseline cognitive-severity groups in schizophrenia: A secondary analysis of a randomized double-blind sham-controlled trial.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Article
- Cognitive Complaints in Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis of Studies Using the Subjective Scale to Investigate Cognition in Schizophrenia (SSTICS): Les plaintes cognitives dans la schizophrénie : Une méta-analyse des études utilisant laCanadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2026Review
- Does neurocognition predict personal recovery over time in psychotic disorder patients?Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Article
- Neurocognitive function in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A 20-year prospective study of a community sample.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Article
- The RECAPACITA PROJECT: comparative study of the clinical, neuropsychological, and functional profile of people with severe mental disorder and partial and total capacity modification.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- Cognitive impairment and its influencing factors in patients with stable schizophrenia on regular medication: a real-world clinical study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Distinct cognitive trajectories in the early course of psychosis are associated with clinical and functional outcomes longitudinally.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2025Article
- Article
- The efficacy of meditation on insula dysfunction in patients with chronic schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- [Long-term courses in schizophrenia : A review of current results and developments].Der Nervenarzt · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCognitive deficits are a core feature of schizophrenia and are closely associated with poor functional outcomes. It remains unclear if cognitive deficits progress over time or remain stable. Determining patients at increased risk of progressive worsening might help targeted neurocognitive remediation approaches.
methodsThis 20-year follow-up study examined neurocognitive outcomes of 156 participants from the OPUS I trial. Neurocognition was assessed using the brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia at the 10- and 20-year follow-up, allowing us to examine changes in neurocognition over ten years.
resultsWe found that 30.5% of patients had a declining course of neurocognition, 49.2% had a stable course of neurocognition and 20.3% experienced improvements in neurocognition. Good cognitive functioning at the 20-year follow-up was significantly associated with higher levels of social functioning (B 6.86, CI 4.71-9.02,
conclusionOur findings support the notion of different schizophrenia subtypes with varying trajectories. Neurocognitive impairment at the 20-year follow-up was associated with other poor outcomes, highlighting the importance of treatments aimed at improving neurocognition in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.