ReviewCancers2024
Safety, Efficacy, and Immunogenicity of Therapeutic Vaccines for Patients with High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN 2/3) Associated with Human Papillomavirus: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cancers, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Omega-3 Supplementation and Nutritional Status in Patients with Pancreatic Neoplasms: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Low CD86 expression is a predictive biomarker for clinical response to the therapeutic human papillomavirus vaccine IGMKK16E7: results of a post hoc analysis.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2024Trial
- Effectiveness, Safety, and Immunogenicity of a Second COVID-19 Vaccine Booster in the Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Trends in Early-Onset Cancer Incidence Rates in Latin America: A Scoping Review Protocol.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Expanding HPV prevention across the life course: evidence on vaccine effectiveness in adults.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Pathological changes of high-risk human papillomavirus-positive cervical lesions after surgery and analysis of risk factors for persistent positivity.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- New mouse model based on adenocarcinoma 4T1 cells expressing HPV16 E6 and E7 applied to assess the efficacy of therapeutic and prophylactic E6/E7-based HPV16 vaccines.Infectious agents and cancer · 2025Article
- The triage role of cytological DNA methylation in women with non-16/18, specifically genotyping high-risk HPV infection.British journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Salivary biomarkers: a promising approach for predicting immunotherapy response in head and neck cancers.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
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- VaxBot-HPV: A GPT-based Chatbot for Answering HPV Vaccine-related Questions.Research square · 2024Article
- Viral vector-based therapeutic HPV vaccines.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Looking Back, Moving Forward: Challenges and Opportunities for Global Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control.Viruses · 2024Review
- Vaginal Ovule Loaded with Bismuth Lipophilic Nanoparticles and Cetylpyridinium Chloride Inhibits Human Cervical Carcinoma andJournal of functional biomaterials · 2024Article
- Cervical cancer incidence, mortality, and burden in China: a time-trend analysis and comparison with England and India based on the global burden of disease study 2019.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite the knowledge that HPV is responsible for high-grade CIN and cervical cancer, little is known about the use of therapeutic vaccines as a treatment. We aimed to synthesize and critically evaluate the evidence from clinical trials on the safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of therapeutic vaccines in the treatment of patients with high-grade CIN associated with HPV. A systematic review of clinical trials adhering to the PRISMA 2020 statement in MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, and LILACS was undertaken, with no data or language restrictions. Primary endpoints related to the safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of these vaccines were assessed by reviewing the adverse/toxic effects associated with the therapeutic vaccine administration via histopathological regression of the lesion and/or regression of the lesion size and via viral clearance and through the immunological response of individuals who received treatment compared to those who did not or before and after receiving the vaccine, respectively. A total of 1184 studies were identified, and 16 met all the criteria. Overall, the therapeutic vaccines were heterogeneous regarding their formulation, dose, intervention protocol, and routes of administration, making a meta-analysis unfeasible. In most studies (n = 15), the vaccines were safe and well tolerated, with clinical efficacy regarding the lesions and histopathological regression or viral clearance. In addition, eleven studies showed favorable immunological responses against HPV, and seven studies showed a positive correlation between immunogenicity and the clinical response, indicating promising results that should be further investigated. In summary, therapeutic vaccines, although urgently needed to avoid progression of CIN 2/3 patients, still present sparse data, requiring greater investments in a well-designed phase III RCT.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.