ArticleAge and ageing2024
Primary and secondary care service use and costs associated with frailty in an ageing population: longitudinal analysis of an English primary care cohort of adults aged 50 and over, 2006-2017.
Article in Age and ageing, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cost of illness analysis of frailty for older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European geriatric medicine · 2025Pooled it
- How do we proactively identify and offer interventions to older adults living with frailty in the community?Future healthcare journal · 2026Article
- Community-based health and social care demand associated with frailty in people aged 50 and over in England 2025-40: routine data analyses and simulation modelling.Age and ageing · 2026Article
- [Predictive capacity of 30-day mortality using the Nottingham Scale in people aged 65 years or older with hip fracture in Michoacán].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2026Observational
- Trajectory of frailty among the older people in a community setting: A cohort study from the Shizuoka Kokuho Database.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Article
- Article
- Equitable Digital Frailty Screening for Marginalized Older Adults Using Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview: Collaborative Development Guide and User Testing Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Projected trends in frailty prevalence and associated health service use and costs in the over-50s in England, 2025 to 2040: a simulation modelling study.Age and ageing · 2026Article
- Frailty index predicts the risk of 17 health outcomes in distinct ways: prospective findings from the Moli-sani Study.Age and ageing · 2026Article
- Household solid fuel use increases frailty risk in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Frailty: from concept to clinical practice in urology.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Risk of venous thromboembolism in people with RA: a population-based study in the UK.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Internet use and frailty in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: empirical evidence from CHARLS 2020.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Sustained frailty remission and future cardiovascular disease risk: a longitudinal study from the UK Biobank.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- The Association Between Physical Activity and Frailty: China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Cognitive Frailty and Health Care Utilization and Costs Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Findings from Four Longitudinal Cohort Studies.Aging and disease · 2025Article
- Undernutrition and Increased Healthcare Demand: Evidence from a Community-Based Longitudinal Panel Study in Singapore.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Prevalence and severity of frailty amongst middle-aged and older adults conveyed to hospital by ambulance between 2010 and 2017 in Wales.Age and ageing · 2025Article
- Association between periodontal disease and age-related cognitive impairment: a narrative review.BMC oral health · 2025Review
- Using routine health care data to develop and validate a system dynamics simulation model of frailty trajectories in an ageing population.Health systems (Basingstoke, England) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFrailty becomes more prevalent and healthcare needs increase with age. Information on the impact of frailty on population level use of health services and associated costs is needed to plan for ageing populations.
aimTo describe primary and secondary care service use and associated costs by electronic Frailty Index (eFI) category. DESIGN AND
settingRetrospective cohort using electronic health records. Participants aged ≥50 registered in primary care practices contributing to the Oxford Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre, 2006-2017.
methodsPrimary and secondary care use (totals and means) were stratified by eFI category and age group. Standardised 2017 costs were used to calculate primary, secondary and overall costs. Generalised linear models explored associations between frailty, sociodemographic characteristics. Adjusted mean costs and cost ratios were produced.
resultsIndividual mean annual use of primary and secondary care services increased with increasing frailty severity. Overall cohort care costs for were highest in mild frailty in all 12 years, followed by moderate and severe, although the proportion of the population with severe frailty can be expected to increase over time. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, compared to the fit category, individual annual costs doubled in mild frailty, tripled in moderate and quadrupled in severe.
conclusionsIncreasing levels of frailty are associated with an additional burden of individual service use. However, individuals with mild and moderate frailty contribute to higher overall costs. Earlier intervention may have the most potential to reduce service use and costs at population level.
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