ArticlePediatric research2024
Postnatal growth and neurodevelopment at 2 years' corrected age in extremely low birthweight infants.
Article in Pediatric research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Nutrition assessment of hospitalized very preterm infants: Best practices for accurate anthropometry in neonatal intensive care unit settings.Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · 2025Guideline
- Neuroprognostication in infants born preterm at the limits of viability: assessment under uncertainty.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Fat-free mass is associated with neurodevelopment outcomes in extremely preterm infants up to 3 years of age.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Postnatal Steroids in Preterm Infants: A Narrative Review Series-Part 3: Impacts on Growth, Neurodevelopment & Nutrition.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Standardised neonatal nutrition care bundle and growth velocity in infants <32 weeks: a single-centre pre-quality/post-quality improvement study.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Observational
- Sodium Supplementation Algorithm to Promote Growth in Infants Who Are Preterm: Randomized Clinical Trial.Pediatrics open science · 2026Article
- Prematurity is associated with altered central thyroid hormone sensitivity.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Article
- Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Glycemic Status and Growth Delay in Korean Children Aged 18-36 Months: A Population-Based Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Measures of nutrition intake and growth reported in preterm nutrition studies: A scoping review.JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition · 2025Article
- The role of mother-infant interaction and infant temperament in predicting the rate of post-NICU physical development in low birth weight infants: a prospective cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Association Between Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index and Growth Delay in Korean Children Aged 18-36 Months: A Population-Based Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Postnatal Growth Assessment of the Very-Low-Birth-Weight Preterm Infant.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Impact of fast advancement and early fortification of enteral feedings in preterm infants, a retrospective, observational study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Risk Assessment of Cognitive Impairment at 2 Years of Age in Infants Born Extremely Preterm Using the INTERGROWTH-21st Growth Standards.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Observational
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFaltering postnatal growth in preterm babies is associated with adverse neurodevelopment. However, which growth reference is most helpful for predicting neurodevelopment is unknown. We examined associations between faltering growth and developmental delay in extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants.
methodsWe categorized faltering growth (z-score decrease ≥0.8 for weight/length, >1 for head circumference) between birth, 4 weeks, 36 weeks' postmenstrual age and 2 years' corrected age using fetal (Fenton, UK-WHO and Olsen) and healthy preterm (INTERGROWTH-21st) references. Associations between faltering growth and developmental delay were examined using binary logistic regression and area under the receiver operating curve (AUC).
resultsIn 327 infants, Olsen charts identified the highest prevalence of faltering growth (weight 37%, length 63%, head 45%). Agreement in classification was higher amongst fetal references (kappa coefficient, ĸ = 0.46-0.94) than between INTERGROWTH-21st and fetal references (ĸ = 0.10-0.81). Faltering growth in all measures between 4-36 weeks (odds ratio, OR 2.0-4.7) compared with other time intervals (OR 1.7-2.7) were more strongly associated with developmental delay, particularly motor delay (OR 2.0-4.7). All growth references were poorly predictive of developmental delay at 2 years (AUC ≤ 0.62).
conclusionsFaltering postnatal growth in ELBW infants is associated with, but is poorly predictive of, developmental delay at 2 years. IMPACT: In babies born preterm, different growth references result in wide variation in categorization of faltering postnatal growth. Faltering growth in weight, length, and head circumference from 4 weeks to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age are associated with developmental delay at 2 years' corrected age, particularly motor delay. However, postnatal growth is a poor predictor of later developmental delay in extremely low birthweight infants irrespective of the growth reference used.
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