ArticleScientific reports2024
Gender differences in pain perception among burning mouth syndrome patients: a cross-sectional study of 242 men and 242 women.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of Associated Extraoral Symptoms and Comorbidities in Burning Mouth Syndrome Patients: A Systematic Review.Oral diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Association between Serum Vitamin D Levels andJournal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran) · 2026Article
- Psychological Subtypes and Intervention Strategies in Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Narrative Review.Journal of pain research · 2026Review
- Methadone and morphine have equivalent analgesic but not reward potency in female mice.Addiction neuroscience · 2025Article
- Inside the Fire. Exploring the Impact of Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Disturbances on Pain Perception in Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study of 200 Patients.Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology · 2025Article
- Review
- Working-age patients with medically unexplained oral symptoms who receive public assistance in Japan.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Burning mouth syndrome in younger populations: Gender disparities and bipolar tendencies.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Xerostomia correlates with pain sensitivity in burning mouth syndrome patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and traits in patients with burning mouth syndrome: a cross-sectional multicentric analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- Cognitive profile in burning mouth syndrome versus mild cognitive impairment: A comparative study.Oral diseases · 2025Article
- Evaluating Large Language Models for Burning Mouth Syndrome Diagnosis.Journal of pain research · 2025Article
- Comparison of Salivary Opiorphin in Burning Mouth Syndrome and Healthy Subjects and Its Correlation With Psychiatric Disorders.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several orofacial painful conditions are influenced by gender-related factors, but no studies are available with regard to Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS). The present study aimed at investigating gender differences among BMS patients and their influence on pain perception. 242 BMS males (BMSm) and 242 BMS females (BMSf) matched for age were consecutively enrolled. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were recorded and the numeric rating scale (NRS), the Total Pain Rating Index (T-PRI), the Hamilton rating scale for anxiety and depression (HAM-A, HAM-D), the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) were administered. The BMSm presented statistically significant higher levels of education and rate of employment compared to the BMSf (p-values: 0.001**). Moreover, the BMSm were greater consumers of alcohol and had a higher BMI than the BMSf (p-values: < 0.001**, 0.034*). With respect to systemic comorbidities, cardiovascular diseases were statistically more prevalent among the BMSm, while hypothyroidism was more frequent in the BMSf (p-vales: < 0.001**). No differences were noted between the two groups in terms of oral symptoms and in the median scores of NRS, T-PRI, HAM-A, HAM-D, PSQI and ESS. Interestingly, the multivariate regression analysis revealed that, while anxiety, high BMI, poor sleep and high level of T-PRI were correlated to the intensity of pain (NRS) in both groups, low education was additional predictor of pain in BMSf. Further, depression, alcohol and intensity of pain were factors positively associated to the quality of pain (T-PRI) in the BMSm, whereas low education, non-married status and NRS were correlated to the T-PRI, in the BMSf. Surprisingly, smoking was inversely correlated to the intensity of pain and quality of pain respectively in BMSf and BMSm. Sociodemographic and risk factors were found to differently influence pain perception in BMSm and BMSf. Therefore, clinicians should take into account gender differences in the assessment of BMS patients to better tailor the overall pain management.
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