SynthesisPloS one2024
Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and janus kinase inhibitors in the treatment of cicatricial alopecia: A systematic review.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of tumor necrosis factor-α blockers, anti-interleukins, and small molecule inhibitors for dissecting cellulitis of the scalp treatment.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Multidimensional burden of scarring alopecia in women: findings from the CAPAIR study.International journal of women's dermatology · 2026Article
- A Focused Comparative Review of Innovative Therapeutics Across Autoimmune and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dissecting Cellulitis of the Scalp: Linking Pathogenesis to Therapy.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Single-cell sequencing combined with spatial transcriptomics reveals the characteristics of follicle-targeted inflammation patterns in primary cicatricial alopecia.Cell & bioscience · 2025Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCicatricial alopecia (CA) refers to various conditions that result in permanent hair loss. Treatment of CA has always been challenging. Regarding immune-mediated pathophysiology for many CA subtypes, the administration of Janus kinase (JAK) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors have potentiated the treatments of CA.
methodsAfter a thorough systematic search in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO ICTRP, a total of 3,532 relevant records were retrieved and screened. Accordingly, 56 studies met the eligibility criteria and entered the review.
resultsAmong JAK inhibitors, oral tofacitinib was the most frequently reported and the most effective treatment in improving signs and symptoms of CA with minimal adverse effects (AEs). Baricitinib was another JAK inhibitor with sustained improvement while causing mild AEs. As a TNF inhibitor, adalimumab induced a rapid and stable improvement in signs and symptoms in most patients with rare, tolerable AEs. Thalidomide was the other frequently reported yet controversial TNF inhibitor, which caused a rapid and significant improvement in the condition. However, it may result in mild to severe AEs, particularly neuropathies. Infliximab is a TNF inhibitor with mostly favorable results, albeit in a few patients caused treatable dermatological AEs. Apremilast and certolizumab pegol caused an incomplete amelioration of signs and symptoms with no AEs. Lenalidomide is another TNF inhibitor that can induce temporary improvement in CA with probable AEs. It is noteworthy that utilizing adalimumab, infliximab, etanercept, golimumab, and an anonymous TNF inhibitor has induced paradoxical CA and other A.E.s in some patients.
conclusionRecent studies have recommended JAK and TNF inhibitors, especially oral tofacitinib and adalimumab, as a new modality or adjuvant therapy to previous medications for primary CA. Nonetheless, monitoring AEs on a regular basis is suggested, and further extensive studies are required before definitive recommendations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.