Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38333954›Full record

ArticleInternational health2025

Deployment of vaccine cold chain equipment in resource-limited settings: lessons from the Gavi Cold Chain Optimization Platform in Cameroon.

Jude Nkwain, Vouking Marius Zambou, Sangwe Clovis Nchinjoh, Valirie Ndip Agbor, Amani Adidja, Clarence Mbanga, Nnang Nadege Edwidge, Shalom Tchokfe Ndoula, Andreas Ateke Njoh, Demba Diack and 4 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in International health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Jude NkwainGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, Chem. du Pommier 40, 1218 Le Grand-Saconnex, Geneva, Switzerland.
Vouking Marius ZambouUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Country Office, Yaoundé, 335 Rue 1810, Cameroon.
Sangwe Clovis NchinjohClinton Health Access Initiative Inc., Yaoundé, P.O. Box 2664, Cameroon.
Valirie Ndip AgborClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6708-6852
Amani AdidjaFaculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, P.O. Box 1364, Cameroon.
Clarence MbangaClinton Health Access Initiative Inc., Yaoundé, P.O. Box 2664, Cameroon.
Nnang Nadege EdwidgeClinton Health Access Initiative Inc., Yaoundé, P.O. Box 2664, Cameroon.
Shalom Tchokfe NdoulaSchool of Global Health and Bioethics, Euclid University, Bangui, P.O. Box 157, Central African Republic.
Andreas Ateke NjohSchool of Global Health and Bioethics, Euclid University, Bangui, P.O. Box 157, Central African Republic.
Demba DiackGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, Chem. du Pommier 40, 1218 Le Grand-Saconnex, Geneva, Switzerland.
Pietro Di MatteiGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, Chem. du Pommier 40, 1218 Le Grand-Saconnex, Geneva, Switzerland.
Owens WiwaClinton Health Access Initiative Inc., Yaoundé, P.O. Box 2664, Cameroon.
Ousmane DiabyDepartment of Studies and Projects, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, P.O. Box 1937, Cameroon.
Yauba SaiduClinton Health Access Initiative Inc., Yaoundé, P.O. Box 2664, Cameroon.

Funding

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLack of or use of suboptimal cold chain equipment (CCE) is a major barrier to optimal immunization coverage and equity. Gavi established the CCE optimization platform (CCEOP) in 2015 to help eligible countries modernize their cold chain systems. However, there are limited data on CCE deployment at country level. We present lessons learnt from deploying CCE from the Gavi CCEOP in Cameroon.

methodsThis cross-sectional study collected data on the number of days items of CCE spent at each point on their trajectory from the entry port to 62 randomly selected health facilities in Cameroon.

resultsOnce equipment arrived at the entry port, it took 10 d for customs clearance, 2 d from customs clearance to warehousing and 257 d (>9 mo) from the warehouse to facilities. Upon arrival at the facilities, it took a median of 53 (range 0-395) d from installation to final commissioning: most of the days (median=210) were spent between installation and final commissioning. The major causes of delays included insufficient coordination and communication across all levels, poor documentation and final commissioning.

conclusionEarly engagement on customs clearance, strengthening coordination and communication, ensuring proper documentation, as well as eliminating final commissioning, could significantly improve implementation of the program.

Indexed as

RefrigerationVaccinesCameroonCross-Sectional StudiesDeveloping CountriesDrug StorageHealth FacilitiesHumansImmunization ProgramsResource-Limited SettingsVaccinesCamerooncold chain equipment optimizationdeploymentvaccine cold chainvaccines

Identifiers

PMID38333954
PMCPMC11697084

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.