ArticleBMC medicine2024
Healthcare exposures and associated risk of endocarditis after open-heart cardiac valve surgery.
Article in BMC medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Infective Endocarditis: A Contemporary Review of Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Risk factors for myocarditis hospitalization and recurrence: a state-wide retrospective observational study.European heart journal open · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInfective endocarditis (IE) following cardiac valve surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Data on the impact of iatrogenic healthcare exposures on this risk are sparse. This study aimed to investigate risk factors including healthcare exposures for post open-heart cardiac valve surgery endocarditis (PVE).
methodsIn this population-linkage cohort study, 23,720 patients who had their first cardiac valve surgery between 2001 and 2017 were identified from an Australian state-wide hospital-admission database and followed-up to 31 December 2018. Risk factors for PVE were identified from multivariable Cox regression analysis and verified using a case-crossover design sensitivity analysis.
resultsIn 23,720 study participants (median age 73, 63% male), the cumulative incidence of PVE 15 years after cardiac valve surgery was 7.8% (95% CI 7.3-8.3%). Thirty-seven percent of PVE was healthcare-associated, which included red cell transfusions (16% of healthcare exposures) and coronary angiograms (7%). The risk of PVE was elevated for 90 days after red cell transfusion (HR = 3.4, 95% CI 2.1-5.4), coronary angiogram (HR = 4.0, 95% CI 2.3-7.0), and healthcare exposures in general (HR = 4.0, 95% CI 3.3-4.8) (all p < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis confirmed red cell transfusion (odds ratio [OR] = 3.9, 95% CI 1.8-8.1) and coronary angiogram (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.5-4.6) (both p < 0.001) were associated with PVE. Six-month mortality after PVE was 24% and was higher for healthcare-associated PVE than for non-healthcare-associated PVE (HR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.5, p = 0.002).
conclusionsThe risk of PVE is significantly higher for 90 days after healthcare exposures and associated with high mortality.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.