ArticleInternational ophthalmology2024
Cycle threshold values of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in conjunctival swabs and nasopharyngeal secretions: a comparative study from a tertiary care center in India.
Article in International ophthalmology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo detect the viral RNA load of SARS-CoV-2 in conjunctival swabs of COVID-19 patients, and compare with nasopharyngeal swabs.
methodsConjunctival swabs of COVID-19 patients (with PCR positive nasopharyngeal swabs) were subjected to quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The cycle threshold (Ct) values of Open Reading Frame 1 (ORF 1 Ab gene) and nucleoprotein (N gene) PCRs were used to assess the viral RNA load, and compare them with the baseline values of nasopharyngeal swabs.
resultsOf 93 patients, 17 (18.27%) demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 RNA in conjunctival swabs. Baseline nasopharyngeal swabs were collected at a median of 2 days; while, the conjunctival swabs were collected at median 7 days, from onset of illness (p < 0.001). Despite a significant delay in conjunctival swab collection than nasopharyngeal swabs, the Ct values (ORF or N gene PCRs) were comparable between nasopharyngeal swab and conjunctival swab samples. Subsequently, during the recovery period, in four of these 17 patients (with conjunctival swab positivity), when the second nasopharyngeal swab was 'negative', the conjunctival swab was 'positive'.
conclusionThe conjunctival swabs demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 RNA in 17 (18.27%) of 93 COVID-19 patients. Our results may suggest a delayed or a prolonged shedding of the virus/viral RNA on the ocular surface than in nasopharyngeal mucosa.
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