Developing interfaith interventions to address hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccination: protocol for a focus group-based, exploratory qualitative study.

introductionThe COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated how vaccine hesitancy impacts are translated nationally and internationally. A predictor of vaccine hesitancy is religious beliefs (eg, the body being sacred and should be healed by God). Additionally, the perceived content of vaccines can conflict with religious dietary restrictions. Despite the main faith organisations in the UK endorsing COVID-19 vaccination, vaccine hesitancy remains a challenge. Most faith-based research and interventions have been investigated in individual faiths, in isolation from others. Therefore, the aim of our research is to inform the development of interfaith interventions to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, following the identification of potential facilitators and barriers and codesign of interfaith intervention(s). METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will facilitate six face-to-face focus groups in London, each comprising eight participants. There will also be the option of joining an online focus group. A semistructured topic guide will include questions on experiences around interfaith, vaccine hesitancy, facilitators and barriers, and potential interfaith interventions to increase vaccine acceptance. Focus group participants will be invited to join a subsequent interfaith codesign workshop where the researchers will share the tentative findings and facilitate discussion to develop one or more interventions. Purposive sampling will be used to recruit 48 participants from different faith groups, ethnicities and backgrounds to capture diversity in the sample. Reflexive thematic analysis will guide a systematic process of constant comparison, coding data into categories and refining into overarching themes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The University College London (UCL) Research Ethics Committee granted ethics approval (Project ID 4359.006) on 3 May 2022. Minor amendments to the study were approved on 15 May 2023 to accommodate participants' requests for online or face-to-face focus groups at a UCL venue. Informed consent is required from all participants. The findings will be disseminated in journals and to the public and key stakeholders.