ArticleHeliyon2024
Risk factors of postoperative delirium following spine surgery: A meta-analysis of 50 cohort studies with 1.1 million participants.
Article in Heliyon, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Incidence and factors associated with postoperative delirium after primary total joint arthroplasty in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Risk Factors for Postoperative Complications in Different Fusion Surgical Approaches for Lumbar Degenerative Diseases.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- EEG spectral biomarkers of postoperative delirium in spinal surgery: A high-resolution analysis.PloS one · 2026Article
- Preoperative nutritional status defined by GLIM criteria and postoperative delirium in older patients receiving general anesthesia.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Cervical myelopathy symptom severity, posterior-based cervical surgical approach, and lower body mass index are associated with postoperative delirium: A retrospective observational study.North American Spine Society journal · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a predictive model for postoperative delirium after traumatic cervical spinal cord surgery.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Gut-kidney-brain axis and daytime sleepiness in Parkinson's disease and chronic kidney disease: an expert narrative review.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Postoperative delirium (POD) is considered to be a common complication of spine surgery. Although many studies have reported the risk factors associated with POD, the results remain unclear. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to identify risk factors for POD among patients following spinal surgery. Methods: We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library for relevant articles published from 2006 to February 1, 2023 that reported risk factors associated with the incidence of POD among patients undergoing spinal surgery. The Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines were followed, and random effects models were used to estimate pooled odds ratio (OR) estimates with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for each factor. The evidence from observational studies was classified according to Egger's Results: Of 11,329 citations screened, 50 cohort studies involving 1,182,719 participants met the inclusion criteria. High-quality evidence indicated that POD was associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, older age (>65 years), patients experiencing substance use disorder (take drug ≥1 month), cerebrovascular disease, kidney disease, neurological disorder, parkinsonism, cervical surgery, surgical site infection, postoperative fever, postoperative urinary tract infection, and admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Moderate-quality evidence indicated that POD was associated with depression, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) fitness grade (>II), blood transfusion, abnormal potassium, electrolyte disorder, length of stay, inability to ambulate and intravenous fluid volume. Conclusions: Conspicuous risk factors for POD were mainly patient- and surgery-related. These findings help clinicians identify high-risk patients with POD following spinal surgery and recognize the importance of early intervention.
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