ArticleRheumatology (Oxford, England)2025
Seven-year follow-up atherosclerotic plaque progression in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome versus diabetes mellitus and healthy controls.
Article in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Antiphospholipid antibodies and atherosclerotic vascular disease: recent advances.Rheumatology international · 2025Review
- βeta-2 glycoprotein I is a novel regulator of Apolipoprotein E containing HDL particles in females.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Damage Burden in Polish Patients with Antiphospholipid Syndrome Measured Using Damage Index for Antiphospholipid Syndrome (DIAPS).Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Modern therapy of patients with lupus erythematosus must include appropriate management of their heightened rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events: a literature update.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Review
- Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Insights into Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Manifestations.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesPatients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) carry a substantial burden of cardiovascular disease and subclinical atherosclerosis. We aimed to assess a 7-year follow-up atherosclerotic plaque progression in APS patients versus diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy controls (HC).
methodsEighty-six patients with thrombotic APS, 86 with DM and 86 HC (all age- and sex-matched) who underwent a baseline ultrasound of carotid and femoral arteries were invited for a 7-year follow-up ultrasonography examination. We compared atherosclerosis progression among the three groups and examined determinants of plaque progression in APS patients.
resultsSixty-four APS patients (75% females, 43.8% with primary APS), 58 patients with DM and 66 HC were included in the 7-year ultrasound re-evaluation. New plaque was detected in 51.6%, 36.2% and 25.8% of APS, DM and HC subjects, respectively. After adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) and baseline plaque presence, APS patients showed a 3-fold (OR = 3.07, P = 0.007) higher risk for atherosclerosis progression versus HC and 2-fold (OR = 2.25, P = 0.047) higher risk than DM patients. In multivariate analysis in the APS group, plaque progression was independently associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) co-existence (OR = 7.78, P = 0.005) and number of CVRFs (OR = 3.02, P = 0.002), after adjusting for disease-related parameters and CVRF-related medications. Sustained low-density lipoprotein target attainment reduced plaque progression risk (OR = 0.34, P = 0.021).
conclusionHalf of APS patients develop new atherosclerotic plaques over a 7-year follow-up, having a three-times higher risk versus HC. Concomitant SLE and number of traditional CVRFs are associated with plaque progression, supporting the need for thorough CVRF assessment and control.
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